IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v15y2022i19p7365-d935807.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Spatiotemporal Distribution and Complementarity of Wind and Solar Energy in China

Author

Listed:
  • Aifeng Lv

    (Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China)

  • Taohui Li

    (Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environment Change of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Wenxiang Zhang

    (Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environment Change of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Yonghao Liu

    (Key Laboratory of Plateau Geographic Processes and Environment Change of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China)

Abstract

China is rich in wind- and solar-energy resources. In recent years, under the auspices of the “double carbon target,” the government has significantly increased funding for the development of wind and solar resources. However, because wind and solar energy are intermittent and their spatial distribution is uneven, the profits obtained by the developers of wind- and solar-energy resources are unstable and relatively low. For this reason, we analyze in this article the spatiotemporal variations in wind and solar energy resources in China and the temporal complementarity of wind and solar energy by applying a Spearman correlation coefficient based on the Daily Value Dataset of China Surface Climate Data V3.0. Finally, we also strive to harmonize regions where wind and solar resources are less complementary by introducing hydro-energy resources. The results reveal that wind energy and solar energy resources in China undergo large interannual fluctuations and show significant spatial heterogeneity. At the same time, according to the complementarity of wind and solar resources, over half of China’s regions are suitable for the complementary development of resources. Further research shows that the introduction of hydro-energy resources makes it feasible to coordinate and complement the development of wind- and solar-energy resources in areas where the complementarity advantage is not significant. This has a significant effect on increasing the profit generated by the complementary development of two or more renewable resources.

Suggested Citation

  • Aifeng Lv & Taohui Li & Wenxiang Zhang & Yonghao Liu, 2022. "Spatiotemporal Distribution and Complementarity of Wind and Solar Energy in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-16, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:19:p:7365-:d:935807
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/19/7365/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/15/19/7365/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Han, Shuang & Zhang, Lu-na & Liu, Yong-qian & Zhang, Hao & Yan, Jie & Li, Li & Lei, Xiao-hui & Wang, Xu, 2019. "Quantitative evaluation method for the complementarity of wind–solar–hydro power and optimization of wind–solar ratio," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 973-984.
    2. Argüeso, D. & Businger, S., 2018. "Wind power characteristics of Oahu, Hawaii," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 128(PA), pages 324-336.
    3. Papaefthymiou, G. & Dragoon, Ken, 2016. "Towards 100% renewable energy systems: Uncapping power system flexibility," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 69-82.
    4. DeCarolis, Joseph F. & Keith, David W., 2006. "The economics of large-scale wind power in a carbon constrained world," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 34(4), pages 395-410, March.
    5. Sun, Wei & Harrison, Gareth P., 2019. "Wind-solar complementarity and effective use of distribution network capacity," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C), pages 89-101.
    6. Li, Fang-Fang & Qiu, Jun, 2016. "Multi-objective optimization for integrated hydro–photovoltaic power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 377-384.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Hairuo Wang & Yexin Liu & Junxue Zhang & He Zhang & Li Huang & Dan Xu & Chunxia Zhang, 2022. "Sustainability Investigation in the Building Cement Production System Based on the LCA-Emergy Method," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-22, December.
    2. Wei Fang & Cheng Yang & Dengfeng Liu & Qiang Huang & Bo Ming & Long Cheng & Lu Wang & Gang Feng & Jianan Shang, 2023. "Assessment of Wind and Solar Power Potential and Their Temporal Complementarity in China’s Northwestern Provinces: Insights from ERA5 Reanalysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(20), pages 1-23, October.
    3. Xiaomei Ma & Yongqian Liu & Jie Yan & Han Wang, 2023. "A WGAN-GP-Based Scenarios Generation Method for Wind and Solar Power Complementary Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-20, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Jakub Jurasz & Jerzy Mikulik & Paweł B. Dąbek & Mohammed Guezgouz & Bartosz Kaźmierczak, 2021. "Complementarity and ‘Resource Droughts’ of Solar and Wind Energy in Poland: An ERA5-Based Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-24, February.
    2. Zhong, Zhiming & Fan, Neng & Wu, Lei, 2023. "A hybrid robust-stochastic optimization approach for day-ahead scheduling of cascaded hydroelectric system in restructured electricity market," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 306(2), pages 909-926.
    3. Wang, Zhenni & Wen, Xin & Tan, Qiaofeng & Fang, Guohua & Lei, Xiaohui & Wang, Hao & Yan, Jinyue, 2021. "Potential assessment of large-scale hydro-photovoltaic-wind hybrid systems on a global scale," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 146(C).
    4. Scorah, Hugh & Sopinka, Amy & van Kooten, G. Cornelis, 2012. "The economics of storage, transmission and drought: integrating variable wind power into spatially separated electricity grids," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 536-541.
    5. Fürsch, Michaela & Hagspiel, Simeon & Jägemann, Cosima & Nagl, Stephan & Lindenberger, Dietmar & Tröster, Eckehard, 2013. "The role of grid extensions in a cost-efficient transformation of the European electricity system until 2050," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 642-652.
    6. Valentine, Scott Victor, 2011. "Understanding the variability of wind power costs," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(8), pages 3632-3639.
    7. Nicolosi, Marco, 2011. "The impact of RES-E policy setting on integration effects - A detailed analysis of capacity expansion and dispatch results," MPRA Paper 31835, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Liu, Hailiang & Brown, Tom & Andresen, Gorm Bruun & Schlachtberger, David P. & Greiner, Martin, 2019. "The role of hydro power, storage and transmission in the decarbonization of the Chinese power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 1308-1321.
    9. Hirth, Lion & Ueckerdt, Falko, 2013. "Redistribution effects of energy and climate policy: The electricity market," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 934-947.
    10. Deng, Xu & Lv, Tao & Meng, Xiangyun & Li, Cong & Hou, Xiaoran & Xu, Jie & Wang, Yinhao & Liu, Feng, 2024. "Assessing the carbon emission reduction effect of flexibility option for integrating variable renewable energy," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    11. Gurkan, G. & Langestraat, R., 2013. "Modeling And Analysis Of Renewable Energy Obligations And Technology Bandings In the UK Electricity Market," Discussion Paper 2013-016, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    12. Shabani, Masoume & Mahmoudimehr, Javad, 2019. "Influence of climatological data records on design of a standalone hybrid PV-hydroelectric power system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 181-194.
    13. Kabir, Md Ruhul & Rooke, Braden & Dassanayake, G.D. Malinga & Fleck, Brian A., 2012. "Comparative life cycle energy, emission, and economic analysis of 100 kW nameplate wind power generation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 133-141.
    14. Constantino Dário Justo & José Eduardo Tafula & Pedro Moura, 2022. "Planning Sustainable Energy Systems in the Southern African Development Community: A Review of Power Systems Planning Approaches," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(21), pages 1-28, October.
    15. Ana Rita Silva & Ana Estanqueiro, 2022. "From Wind to Hybrid: A Contribution to the Optimal Design of Utility-Scale Hybrid Power Plants," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-19, April.
    16. Gharibpour, Hassan & Aminifar, Farrokh & Rahmati, Iman & Keshavarz, Arezou, 2021. "Dual variable decomposition to discriminate the cost imposed by inflexible units in electricity markets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).
    17. Valentine, Scott Victor, 2010. "A STEP toward understanding wind power development policy barriers in advanced economies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(9), pages 2796-2807, December.
    18. Gürkan, Gül & Langestraat, Romeo, 2014. "Modeling and analysis of renewable energy obligations and technology bandings in the UK electricity market," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 85-95.
    19. Moravec, David & Barták, Vojtěch & Puš, Vladimír & Wild, Jan, 2018. "Wind turbine impact on near-ground air temperature," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 627-633.
    20. Boccard, Nicolas, 2010. "Economic properties of wind power: A European assessment," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(7), pages 3232-3244, July.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:19:p:7365-:d:935807. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.