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The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive Buildings

Author

Listed:
  • Bartosz Radomski

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, Poznań University of Life Science, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland)

  • Franciszek Kowalski

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy Poznań, University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland)

  • Tomasz Mróz

    (Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Energy Poznań, University of Technology, Berdychowo 4, 60-965 Poznań, Poland)

Abstract

This paper presents proposals for using the direct-contact gravel, ground, air heat exchanger in single-family residential buildings with a passive house standard, according to the Passive House Institute (PHI). The methodology of their application consists of using heat and cold from the ground at an insignificant depth (about 1.5–4.0 m below the ground level for the central European climate) through an aggregate that is buried in the ground. This solution of simple installations is used for preheating and cooling fresh air drawn into the building through a mechanical ventilation system with heat recovery. In more complex applications it can be integrated with the source of heat and cold in passive buildings to create complete heating, cooling, and ventilation systems. In both cases, the air flowing through the exchanger is cooled and dried in summer, heated and humidified in winter, and filtered from pollen and bacteria all year. Direct contact of the deposit with the surrounding native soil facilitates rapid regeneration of the bed temperature. This article presents several proposals for integration with systems ensuring climatic comfort in a passive building, as exemplary applications. The paper presents preliminary estimates of energy (savings of up to 70% of electrical energy consumed), economic (SPBT = 3.65 years), and environmental (69.5% reduction in CO 2 emissions) benefits related to implementing this solution in various configurations of technological systems for buildings in Poland. The calculations were carried out for the city of Poznań, taking into account the hourly intervals and using the author’s code written in MS Excel. The analysis of the operation of the direct-contact gravel, ground, air heat exchanger (GGAHE) system is based on a theoretical heat and mass exchange model. The integrated solutions of technical systems presented in this article provide an interesting alternative to traditional heating, cooling, and ventilation systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Bartosz Radomski & Franciszek Kowalski & Tomasz Mróz, 2022. "The Direct-Contact Gravel, Ground, Air Heat Exchanger—Application in Single-Family Residential Passive Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:17:p:6110-:d:895375
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sławomir Rabczak & Paweł Kut, 2020. "Analysis of Yearly Effectiveness of a Diaphragm Ground Heat Exchanger Supported by an Ultraviolet Sterilamp," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-7, June.
    2. Woong June Chung & Sang Hoon Park, 2021. "Utilization of Thermally Activated Building System with Horizontal Ground Heat Exchanger Considering the Weather Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-14, November.
    3. Piotr Michalak, 2022. "Hourly Simulation of an Earth-to-Air Heat Exchanger in a Low-Energy Residential Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-23, March.
    4. Krystian Leski & Przemysław Luty & Monika Gwadera & Barbara Larwa, 2021. "Numerical Analysis of Minimum Ground Temperature for Heat Extraction in Horizontal Ground Heat Exchangers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-13, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Łukasz Amanowicz & Katarzyna Ratajczak & Edyta Dudkiewicz, 2023. "Recent Advancements in Ventilation Systems Used to Decrease Energy Consumption in Buildings—Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-39, February.

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