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Measurements of Soot Particulate Emissions of Ammonia-Ethylene Flames Using Laser Extinction Method

Author

Listed:
  • Cheng Tung Chong

    (China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Lingang, Shanghai 201306, China)

  • Mingkun Cao

    (China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Lingang, Shanghai 201306, China)

  • Bo Tian

    (Department of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK)

  • Tian Xie

    (China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Lingang, Shanghai 201306, China)

Abstract

Ammonia (NH 3 ) has emerged as an attractive carbonless fuel that can be co-fired with hydrocarbon fuel to reduce carbon dioxide emissions. To understand the influence of NH 3 on soot formation when co-fired with hydrocarbons, the soot formation propensity is experimentally investigated via a laminar diffusion jet flame. A stable ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) jet flame doped with NH 3 at different volume percentages was established for the investigation of soot formation tendency. OH* chemiluminescence imaging revealed the change of flame structure, in which the signals emitted from the heat release region weakened with increasing NH 3 addition, while the peak intensity shifted from the flame wings towards flame centerline region. The laser extinction method used to measure the soot volume fraction (SVF) at different heights above the burner, which showed the effect of NH 3 on soot suppression is significant, owing to the interaction between N-containing compounds with carbon atoms that result in the reduction of key intermediate products required for the formation of benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The effect of soot inhibition appears to be stronger for the low NH 3 blend fraction. The chemistry effect of NH 3 on soot reduction for C 2 H 4 flame is ascertained by comparing with N 2 -doped C 2 H 4 flame at the same volume percentage. This work highlights the need for improved understanding of hydrocarbon fuel with NH 3 to enable detailed understanding on the soot generation and oxidation process.

Suggested Citation

  • Cheng Tung Chong & Mingkun Cao & Bo Tian & Tian Xie, 2022. "Measurements of Soot Particulate Emissions of Ammonia-Ethylene Flames Using Laser Extinction Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-18, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:14:p:5209-:d:865704
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    Cited by:

    1. Chen, Chen & Liu, Dong, 2023. "Review of effects of zero-carbon fuel ammonia addition on soot formation in combustion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 185(C).
    2. Woon, Kok Sin & Phuang, Zhen Xin & Taler, Jan & Varbanov, Petar Sabev & Chong, Cheng Tung & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Lee, Chew Tin, 2023. "Recent advances in urban green energy development towards carbon emissions neutrality," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).

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