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Solar-Hybrid Cold Energy Storage System Coupled with Cooling Pads Backup: A Step towards Decentralized Storage of Perishables

Author

Listed:
  • Anjum Munir

    (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Tallha Ashraf

    (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Waseem Amjad

    (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Abdul Ghafoor

    (Department of Farm Machinery and Power, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Sidrah Rehman

    (Department of Energy Systems Engineering, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Aman Ullah Malik

    (Institute of Horticultural Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan)

  • Oliver Hensel

    (Department of Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany)

  • Muhammad Sultan

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan)

  • Tatiana Morosuk

    (Institute for Energy Engineering, Technische Universität Berlin, Marchstr. 18, 10587 Berlin, Germany)

Abstract

Post-harvest loss is a serious issue to address challenge of food security. A solar-grid hybrid cold storage system was developed and designed for on-farm preservation of perishables. Computational Fluid Dynamic analysis was performed to assess airflow and temperature distribution inside the cold chamber. The system comprises a 21.84 m 3 cubical cold storage unit with storage capacity of 2 tonnes. A hybrid solar system comprising 4.5 kWp PV system, 5 kW hybrid inverter, and 600 Ah battery bank was used to power the entire system. A vapor-compression refrigeration system (2 tonnes) was employed coupled with three cooling pads (filled with brine solution) as thermal backup to store cooling (−4 °C to 4 °C). Potatoes were stored at 8 °C for a period of three months (May 2019 to July 2019) and the system was tested on grid utility, solar, and hybrid modes. Solar irradiation was recorded in range of 5.0–6.0 kWh/(m 2 × d) and average power peak was found to be 4.0 kW. Variable frequency drive was installed with compressor to eliminate the torque load and it resulted about 9.3 A AC current used by the system with 4.6 average Coefficient of Performance of refrigeration unit. The average energy consumed by system was found to be 15 kWh with a share of 4.3 kWh from grid and 10.5 kWh from solar, translating to 30% of power consumption from grid and 70% from solar PV modules. Overall, cold storage unit efficiently controlled total weight loss (7.64%) and preserved quality attributes (3.6 ⁰Brix Total soluble solids, 0.83% Titratable acidity, 6.32 PH) of the product during storage time.

Suggested Citation

  • Anjum Munir & Tallha Ashraf & Waseem Amjad & Abdul Ghafoor & Sidrah Rehman & Aman Ullah Malik & Oliver Hensel & Muhammad Sultan & Tatiana Morosuk, 2021. "Solar-Hybrid Cold Energy Storage System Coupled with Cooling Pads Backup: A Step towards Decentralized Storage of Perishables," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:22:p:7633-:d:679610
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sheikh, Munawar A., 2010. "Energy and renewable energy scenario of Pakistan," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 354-363, January.
    2. Ghafoor, Abdul & Rehman, Tanzeel ur & Munir, Anjum & Ahmad, Manzoor & Iqbal, Muhammad, 2016. "Current status and overview of renewable energy potential in Pakistan for continuous energy sustainability," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 1332-1342.
    3. Ghafoor, Abdul & Munir, Anjum, 2015. "Design and economics analysis of an off-grid PV system for household electrification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 496-502.
    4. Diaconu, Bogdan M. & Varga, Szabolcs & Oliveira, Armando C., 2011. "Numerical simulation of a solar-assisted ejector air conditioning system with cold storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 1280-1291.
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    Cited by:

    1. Muhammad Sultan & Muhammad Hamid Mahmood & Md Shamim Ahamed & Redmond R. Shamshiri & Muhammad Wakil Shahzad, 2022. "Energy Systems and Applications in Agriculture," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(23), pages 1-3, December.

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