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Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets Technologies

Author

Listed:
  • Ciro Alberghi

    (ESSENTIAL Group, Politecnico di Torino—Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Luigi Candido

    (ESSENTIAL Group, Politecnico di Torino—Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Raffaella Testoni

    (ESSENTIAL Group, Politecnico di Torino—Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy)

  • Marco Utili

    (ENEA FSN-PROIN, C.R. Brasimone—Località Brasimone, 40043 Camugnano, Italy)

  • Massimo Zucchetti

    (ESSENTIAL Group, Politecnico di Torino—Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, 10129 Torino, Italy
    PSFC, MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA)

Abstract

Liquid metal breeding blankets are extensively studied in nuclear fusion. In the main proposed systems, the Water Cooled Lithium Lead (WCLL) and the Dual Coolant Lithium Lead (DCLL), the liquid metal flows under an intense transverse magnetic field, for which a magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) effect is produced. The result is the alteration of all the flow features and the increase in the pressure drops. Although the latter issue can be evaluated with system models, 3D MHD codes are of extreme importance both in the design phase and for safety analyses. To test the reliability of COMSOL Multiphysics for the development of MHD models, a method for verification and validation of magnetohydrodynamic codes is followed. The benchmark problems solved regard steady state, fully developed flows in rectangular ducts, non-isothermal flows, flow in a spatially varying transverse magnetic field and two different unsteady turbulent problems, quasi-two-dimensional MHD turbulent flow and 3D turbulent MHD flow entering a magnetic obstacle. The computed results show good agreement with the reference solutions for all the addressed problems, suggesting that COMSOL can be used as software to study liquid metal MHD problems under the flow regimes typical of fusion power reactors.

Suggested Citation

  • Ciro Alberghi & Luigi Candido & Raffaella Testoni & Marco Utili & Massimo Zucchetti, 2021. "Verification and Validation of COMSOL Magnetohydrodynamic Models for Liquid Metal Breeding Blankets Technologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-16, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:17:p:5413-:d:625930
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Wen Wang & Zhibing Li & Keli Gao & Enyuan Dong & Xuebin Qu & Xiaodong Xu, 2022. "Dynamic Characteristics of Transverse-Magnetic-Field Induced Arc for Plasma-Jet-Triggered Protective Gas Switch in Hybrid UHVDC System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Syed Tauseef Saeed & Muhammad Bilal Riaz & Jan Awrejcewicz & Hijaz Ahmad, 2021. "Exact Symmetric Solutions of MHD Casson Fluid Using Chemically Reactive Flow with Generalized Boundary Conditions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-14, September.

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