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Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) as Microalgal Bioproducts: A Review of Factors Affecting EPS Synthesis and Application in Flocculation Processes

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  • Wioleta Babiak

    (Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland)

  • Izabela Krzemińska

    (Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290 Lublin, Poland)

Abstract

Microalgae are natural resources of intracellular compounds with a wide spectrum of applications in, e.g., the food industry, pharmacy, and biofuel production. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) released by microalgal cells are a valuable bioproduct. Polysaccharides, protein, lipids, and DNA are the main constituents of EPS. This review presents the recent advances in the field of the determinants of the synthesis of extracellular polymeric substances by microalgal cells and the EPS structure. Physical and chemical culture conditions have been analyzed to achieve useful insights into the development of a strategy optimizing EPS production by microalgal cells. The application of microalgal EPS for flocculation and mechanisms involved in this process are also discussed in terms of biomass harvesting. Additionally, the ability of EPS to remove toxic heavy metals has been analyzed. With their flocculation and sorption properties, microalgal EPS are a promising bioproduct that can potentially be used in harvesting algal biomass and wastewater management.

Suggested Citation

  • Wioleta Babiak & Izabela Krzemińska, 2021. "Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) as Microalgal Bioproducts: A Review of Factors Affecting EPS Synthesis and Application in Flocculation Processes," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-23, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:13:p:4007-:d:587835
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Izabela Krzemińska & Artur Nosalewicz & Emilia Reszczyńska & Barbara Pawlik-Skowrońska, 2020. "Enhanced Light-Induced Biosynthesis of Fatty Acids Suitable for Biodiesel Production by the Yellow-Green Alga Eustigmatos magnus," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-14, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ana-Maria Gălan & Alexandru Vlaicu & Alin Cristian Nicolae Vintilă & Mihaela Cîlţea-Udrescu & Georgiana Cerchezan & Adriana Nicoleta Frone & Gabriel Vasilievici & Anca Paulenco, 2022. "Microalgae Strain Porphyridium purpureum for Nutrient Reduction in Dairy Wastewaters," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-16, July.

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