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Hydrocracking of a Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil with Fischer–Tropsch Wax

Author

Listed:
  • Olga Pleyer

    (Department of Petroleum Technology and Alternative Fuels, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic)

  • Dan Vrtiška

    (Department of Petroleum Technology and Alternative Fuels, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic)

  • Petr Straka

    (Department of Petroleum Technology and Alternative Fuels, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic)

  • Aleš Vráblík

    (Unipetrol, Centre for Research and Education, a.s., Litvínov 436 70, Czech Republic)

  • Jan Jenčík

    (Unipetrol, Centre for Research and Education, a.s., Litvínov 436 70, Czech Republic
    Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Department of Chemistry, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6, 169 21, Czech Republic)

  • Pavel Šimáček

    (Department of Petroleum Technology and Alternative Fuels, University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague 160 00, Czech Republic)

Abstract

Catalytic hydrocracking represents an optimal process for both heavy petroleum fractions and Fischer–Tropsch (FT) wax upgrading because it offers high flexibility regarding the feedstock, reaction conditions and products’ quality. The hydrocracking of a heavy vacuum gas oil with FT wax was carried out in a continuous-flow catalytic unit with a fixed-bed reactor and a co-current flow of the feedstock and hydrogen at the reaction temperatures of 390, 400 and 410 °C and a pressure of 8 MPa. The increasing reaction temperature and content of the FT wax in the feedstock caused an increasing yield in the gaseous products and a decreasing yield in the liquid products. The utilisation of the higher reaction temperatures and feedstocks containing the FT wax showed a positive influence on the conversion of the fraction boiling above 400 °C to lighter fractions. Although the naphtha and middle distillate fractions obtained via atmospheric and vacuum distillations of the liquid products of hydrocracking did not comply with the particular quality standards of automotive gasolines and diesel fuels, the obtained products still present valuable materials which could be utilised within an oil refinery and in the petrochemical industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Olga Pleyer & Dan Vrtiška & Petr Straka & Aleš Vráblík & Jan Jenčík & Pavel Šimáček, 2020. "Hydrocracking of a Heavy Vacuum Gas Oil with Fischer–Tropsch Wax," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-16, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:20:p:5497-:d:431943
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Diego Luna & Rafael Estevez, 2022. "Optimization of Biodiesel and Biofuel Process," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-4, August.
    2. Alejandro López-Fernández & David Bolonio & Isabel Amez & Blanca Castells & Marcelo F. Ortega & María-Jesús García-Martínez, 2021. "Design and Pinch Analysis of a GFT Process for Production of Biojet Fuel from Biomass and Plastics," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-31, September.
    3. Pleyer, Olga & Vrtiška, Dan & Straka, Petr & Šimáček, Pavel, 2024. "Co-processing of BTL Fischer-Tropsch wax and heavy vacuum gas oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C).

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