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Two-Objective Optimization of a Kaplan Turbine Draft Tube Using a Response Surface Methodology

Author

Listed:
  • Riccardo Orso

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Venezia 1, 35131 Padua, Italy)

  • Ernesto Benini

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Venezia 1, 35131 Padua, Italy)

  • Moreno Minozzo

    (ZECO S.r.l., via Astico 52/c, 36030 Fara Vicentino, Italy)

  • Riccardo Bergamin

    (ZECO S.r.l., via Astico 52/c, 36030 Fara Vicentino, Italy)

  • Andrea Magrini

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Padua, Via Venezia 1, 35131 Padua, Italy)

Abstract

The overall cost of a hydropower plant is mainly due to the expenses of civil works, mechanical equipment (turbine and control units) and electrical components. The goal of a new draft tube design is to obtain a geometry that reduces investment costs, especially the excavation ones, but the primary driver is to increase overall machine efficiency, allowing for a reduced payback time. In the present study, an optimization study of the elbow-draft tube assembly of a Kaplan turbine was conducted. First, a CFD model for the complete turbine was developed and validated. Next, an optimization of the draft tube alone was performed using a design of experiments technique. Finally, several optimum solutions for the draft tube were obtained using a response surface technique aiming at maximizing pressure recovery and minimizing flow losses. A selection of optimized geometries was subsequently post-checked using the validated model of the entire turbine, and a detailed flow analysis on the obtained results made it possible to provide insights into the improved designs. It was observed that efficiency could be improved by 1% (in relative terms), and the mechanical power increased by 1.8% (in relative terms) with respect to the baseline turbine.

Suggested Citation

  • Riccardo Orso & Ernesto Benini & Moreno Minozzo & Riccardo Bergamin & Andrea Magrini, 2020. "Two-Objective Optimization of a Kaplan Turbine Draft Tube Using a Response Surface Methodology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:18:p:4899-:d:415779
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ke Liu & Feng Yang & Zhiyan Yang & Yunxian Zhu & Yongguang Cheng, 2019. "Runner Lifting-Up during Load Rejection Transients of a Kaplan Turbine: Flow Mechanism and Solution," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-15, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhou, Xing & Hu, Xinyi & Huang, Quanshui & Wu, Hegao & Tang, Xiaodan & Cervantes, Michel J., 2024. "Optimization design of an innovative francis draft tube: Insight into improving operational flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    2. Ivana Lučin & Ante Sikirica & Marija Šiško Kuliš & Zoran Čarija, 2022. "Investigation of Efficient Optimization Approach to the Modernization of Francis Turbine Draft Tube Geometry," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(21), pages 1-22, November.

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