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Sequence Stratigraphy and Geochemistry of Oil Shale Deposits in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin, NE China: Implications for the Geological Optimization of In Situ Oil Shale Conversion Processing

Author

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  • Penglin Zhang

    (The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology, China Geological Survey, Oil and Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
    Key Laboratory for Oil Shale and Paragenetic Minerals of Jilin Province, College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China)

  • Yinbo Xu

    (The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology, China Geological Survey, Oil and Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Qingtao Meng

    (The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology, China Geological Survey, Oil and Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
    Key Laboratory for Oil Shale and Paragenetic Minerals of Jilin Province, College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China)

  • Zhaojun Liu

    (Key Laboratory for Oil Shale and Paragenetic Minerals of Jilin Province, College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China)

  • Jiaqiang Zhang

    (The Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil and Gas Geology, China Geological Survey, Oil and Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Lin Shen

    (Key Laboratory for Oil Shale and Paragenetic Minerals of Jilin Province, College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China)

  • Shuaihua Zhang

    (Key Laboratory for Oil Shale and Paragenetic Minerals of Jilin Province, College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130000, China)

Abstract

The Songliao Basin contains some of the largest volumes of oil shales in China; however, these energy sources are located in areas covered by arable land, meaning that the best way of exploiting them is likely to be environmentally friendly in situ conversion processing (ICP). Whether the oil shales of the Songliao Basin in the Qingshankou Formation are suitable for ICP remain controversial. In this paper, through sequence stratigraphic correlations, three main thick oil shale layers (N1, N2, and N3) of the Sequence1 (Sq1) unit in the first member of Qingshankou Formation (K 2 qn 1 ) are confirmed as consistently present throughout the Southeastern Uplift region of the basin. The spectral trend attributes reflect that the lake reached a maximum flood surface of the K 2 qn 1 in N2 oil shale layer, and the total organic carbon (TOC) and Fischer assay (FA) oil yield are significantly increasing. The N2 and N3 oil shale layers were deposited in a high lake level environment associated with ingressions of ocean water. The oil shale in these layers with the characteristics of high TOC (maximum of 23.9 wt %; average of 7.2 wt %), abundance of aquatic organic matter (OM) (maximum hydrogen index (HI) of 1080.2 mg/g; average of 889.9 mg/g) and carbonate contents (maximum of 29.5%; average of 15.4%). The N2 and N3 oil shale layers have higher brittleness index (BI) values (generally 40–50%), larger cumulative thicknesses (maximum of 13.3 m; average of 12.0 m), and much higher source potential index (SPI) values (0.92 and 0.88 tHC/m 2 , respectively) than the N1 oil shale layer within Sq1 transgressive system tracts (TST), indicating that the N2 and N3 layers are prospective targets for ICP. In addition, oil shales buried to depths of <1000 m have strong hydrocarbon generation capacities that make them suitable for ICP.

Suggested Citation

  • Penglin Zhang & Yinbo Xu & Qingtao Meng & Zhaojun Liu & Jiaqiang Zhang & Lin Shen & Shuaihua Zhang, 2020. "Sequence Stratigraphy and Geochemistry of Oil Shale Deposits in the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of the Songliao Basin, NE China: Implications for the Geological Optimization of In Situ Oil ," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-21, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:11:p:2964-:d:369272
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wentong He & Youhong Sun & Wei Guo & Xuanlong Shan & Siyuan Su & Shaopeng Zheng & Sunhua Deng & Shijie Kang & Xu Zhang, 2019. "Organic Geochemical Characteristics of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation Oil Shales in the Fuyu Oilfield, Songliao Basin, China: Implications for Oil-Generation Potential and Depositional Env," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-18, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shangli Liu & Haifeng Gai & Peng Cheng, 2023. "Technical Scheme and Application Prospects of Oil Shale In Situ Conversion: A Review of Current Status," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-22, May.

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