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Static and Dynamic Influence of the Shear Zone on Rockburst Occurrence in the Headrace Tunnel of the Neelum Jhelum Hydropower Project, Pakistan

Author

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  • Abdul Muntaqim Naji

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-791, Korea
    Department of Geological Engineering, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Quetta 87300, Pakistan)

  • Hafeezur Rehman

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-791, Korea
    Department of Mining Engineering, Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management Sciences (BUITEMS), Quetta 87300, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Zaka Emad

    (Department of Mining Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Saeed Ahmad

    (National Development Consultants (NDC) Pvt. Ltd., Lahore 54000, Pakistan)

  • Jung-joo Kim

    (Structural and Seismic Technology Group, KEPCO Research Institute, Seoul 135-791, Korea)

  • Hankyu Yoo

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 426-791, Korea)

Abstract

Rockburst is an unstable failure of a rock mass which is influenced by many factors. During deep excavations, the presence of nearby geological structures such as minor faults, joints, and shear zones increases the likelihood of rockburst occurrence. A shear zone has been observed in the headrace tunnel in the Neelum Jhelum Hydropower Project, Pakistan, which has played an important role in major rockburst events in the project’s history. A rockburst is a seismic event that involves the release of a great amount of energy as the dynamic wave radiated from the seismic source reaches the excavation boundary. In this paper, the FLAC 2D explicit numerical code has been used to simulate the dynamic phenomenon of rockburst near the shear zone in a headrace tunnel. The behavior of the rock mass around the tunnel has been studied under both static and dynamic loading. According to modeling results, rockburst significantly affected the upper left quadrant of the tunnel similar to the actual failure profile with a depth of approximately 5 m. The dynamic impact of rockburst has also affected the loading conditions of the support system in the adjacent tunnel. This study elucidates one of the most important rockburst controlling factors through numerical analysis and recommends yielding support measures that can withstand the dynamic impacts of rockburst in deep, hard rock tunnels.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdul Muntaqim Naji & Hafeezur Rehman & Muhammad Zaka Emad & Saeed Ahmad & Jung-joo Kim & Hankyu Yoo, 2019. "Static and Dynamic Influence of the Shear Zone on Rockburst Occurrence in the Headrace Tunnel of the Neelum Jhelum Hydropower Project, Pakistan," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:11:p:2124-:d:236779
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Abdul Muntaqim Naji & Hafeezur Rehman & Muhammad Zaka Emad & Hankyu Yoo, 2018. "Impact of Shear Zone on Rockburst in the Deep Neelum-Jehlum Hydropower Tunnel: A Numerical Modeling Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(8), pages 1-16, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Aoran Li & Guangzhen Cui & Peng Wang & Xinjie Wang & Zhengtao Hong & Jiangrong Kong & Jiaguang Kan, 2023. "Deformation and Failure Laws of Surrounding Rocks of Coal Roadways under High Dynamic Load and Intelligent Prediction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(2), pages 1-17, January.
    2. Jianyu Li & Hong Li & Zheming Zhu & Ye Tao & Chun’an Tang, 2021. "Numerical Study on Damage Zones Induced by Excavation and Ventilation in a High-Temperature Tunnel at Depth," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-20, August.
    3. Hanna Michalak & Paweł Przybysz, 2021. "The Use of 3D Numerical Modeling in Conceptual Design: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-21, August.
    4. Yalei Yang & Lijie Du & Qingwei Li & Xiangbo Zhao & Weifeng Zhang & Zhiyong Liu, 2023. "Predicting the Accuracy and Applicability of Micro-Seismic Monitoring of Rock Burst in TBM Tunneling Using the Data from Two Case Studies in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-16, February.
    5. Guangliang Feng & Manqing Lin & Yang Yu & Yu Fu, 2020. "A Microseismicity-Based Method of Rockburst Intensity Warning in Deep Tunnels in the Initial Period of Microseismic Monitoring," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-15, May.

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