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Impact of COVID-19 on Electricity Demand: Deriving Minimum States of System Health for Studies on Resilience

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  • Smruti Manjunath

    (Institute of Networked Energy Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 70563 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Madhura Yeligeti

    (Institute of Networked Energy Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 70563 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Maria Fyta

    (Institute for Computational Physics, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Jannik Haas

    (Institute of Networked Energy Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 70563 Stuttgart, Germany
    Department of Stochastic Simulation and Safety Research for Hydrosystems (IWS/SC SimTech), University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Hans-Christian Gils

    (Institute of Networked Energy Systems, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 70563 Stuttgart, Germany)

Abstract

To assess the resilience of energy systems, i.e., the ability to recover after an unexpected shock, the system’s minimum state of service is a key input. Quantitative descriptions of such states are inherently elusive. The measures adopted by governments to contain COVID-19 have provided empirical data, which may serve as a proxy for such states of minimum service. Here, we systematize the impact of the adopted COVID-19 measures on the electricity demand. We classify the measures into three phases of increasing stringency, ranging from working from home to soft and full lockdowns, for four major electricity consuming countries of Europe. We use readily accessible data from the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity as a basis. For each country and phase, we derive representative daily load profiles with hourly resolution obtained by k-medoids clustering. The analysis could unravel the influence of the different measures to the energy consumption and the differences among the four countries. It is observed that the daily peak load is considerably flattened and the total electricity consumption decreases by up to 30% under the circumstances brought about by the COVID-19 restrictions. These demand profiles are useful for the energy planning community, especially when designing future electricity systems with a focus on system resilience and a more digitalised society in terms of working from home.

Suggested Citation

  • Smruti Manjunath & Madhura Yeligeti & Maria Fyta & Jannik Haas & Hans-Christian Gils, 2021. "Impact of COVID-19 on Electricity Demand: Deriving Minimum States of System Health for Studies on Resilience," Data, MDPI, vol. 6(7), pages 1-20, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jdataj:v:6:y:2021:i:7:p:76-:d:595425
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    References listed on IDEAS

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