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The Effect of Supplemental Irrigation on Canopy Temperature Depression, Chlorophyll Content, and Water Use Efficiency in Three Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. and T. durum Desf.) Varieties Grown in Dry Regions of Jordan

Author

Listed:
  • Abdul Latief A. Al-Ghzawi

    (Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, P.O. Box 330127, Zarqa 13133, Jordan)

  • Yahya Bani Khalaf

    (Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan
    National Center for Agricultural Research and Extension, Baqa’, P.O. Box 639, Amman 19381, Jordan)

  • Zakaria I. Al-Ajlouni

    (Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan)

  • Nisreen A. AL-Quraan

    (Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan)

  • Iyad Musallam

    (National Center for Agricultural Research and Extension, Baqa’, P.O. Box 639, Amman 19381, Jordan)

  • Nabeel Bani Hani

    (National Center for Agricultural Research and Extension, Baqa’, P.O. Box 639, Amman 19381, Jordan)

Abstract

One critical challenge facing the world is the need to satisfy the food requirements of the dramatically growing population. Drought stress is one of the main limiting factors in the wheat-producing regions; therefore, wheat yield stability is a major objective of wheat-breeding programs in Jordan, which experience fluctuating climatic conditions in the context of global climate change. In the current study, a two-year field experiment was conducted for exploring the effect of four different water regimes on the yield, yield components, and stability of three wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.; T. durum Desf.) Jordanian cultivars as related to Canopy Temperature Depression (CTD), and Chlorophyll Content (measured by Soil-Plant Analysis Development, SPAD). A split plot design was used in this experiment with four replicates. Water treatment was applied as the main factor: with and without supplemental irrigation; 0%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of field capacity were applied. Two durum wheat cultivars and one bread wheat cultivar were split over irrigation treatments as a sub factor. In both growing seasons, supplemental irrigation showed a significant increase in grain yield compared to the rain-fed conditions. This increase in grain yield was due to the significantly positive effect of water availability on yield components. Values of CTD, SPAD, harvest index, and water use efficiency (WUE) were increased significantly with an increase in soil moisture and highly correlated with grain yield. Ammon variety produced the highest grain yield across the four water regimes used in this study. This variety was characterized by the least thermal time to maturity and the highest values of CTD and SPAD. It was concluded that Ammon had the highest stability among the cultivars tested. Furthermore, CTD and SPAD can be used as important selection parameters in breeding programs in Jordan to assist in developing high-yielding genotypes under drought and heat stress conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdul Latief A. Al-Ghzawi & Yahya Bani Khalaf & Zakaria I. Al-Ajlouni & Nisreen A. AL-Quraan & Iyad Musallam & Nabeel Bani Hani, 2018. "The Effect of Supplemental Irrigation on Canopy Temperature Depression, Chlorophyll Content, and Water Use Efficiency in Three Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L. and T. durum Desf.) Varieties Grown in Dry R," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 8(5), pages 1-23, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:8:y:2018:i:5:p:67-:d:144502
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Guiomar Carranza-Gallego & Gloria Isabel Guzmán & David Soto & Eduardo Aguilera & Inma Villa & Juan Infante-Amate & Antonio Herrera & Manuel González de Molina, 2018. "Modern Wheat Varieties as a Driver of the Degradation of Spanish Rainfed Mediterranean Agroecosystems throughout the 20th Century," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-23, October.
    3. Anzhen Qin & Dongfeng Ning & Zhandong Liu & Sen Li & Ben Zhao & Aiwang Duan, 2021. "Determining Threshold Values for a Crop Water Stress Index-Based Center Pivot Irrigation with Optimum Grain Yield," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-16, October.

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