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Antifungal Efficacy of Essential Oils and Their Predominant Components Against Olive Fungal Pathogens

Author

Listed:
  • Elena Petrović

    (Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, Croatia)

  • Karolina Vrandečić

    (Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Jasenka Ćosić

    (Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Tamara Siber

    (Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimira Preloga 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia)

  • Sara Godena

    (Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, Croatia)

Abstract

The antifungal effectiveness of essential oils (EOs) and their predominant components were tested on 14 phytopathogenic fungi isolated from olive trees. Commercial EOs from holy basil ( Ocimum tenuiflorum L.), Chinese cinnamon ( Cinnamomum aromaticum Ness), lemon ( Citrus × limon ), peppermint ( Mentha × piperita L.), oregano ( Origanum compactum Benth), and thyme ( Thymus vulgaris L.) and components eugenol, e-cinnamaldehyde, limonene, menthol, carvacrol, and thymol were used. Antifungal efficacy was tested on six species from the Botryosphaeriaceae family: Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug. ex Fr.) Ces. & De Not.; Diplodia mutila (Fr.) Fr.; D. seriata De Not.; Dothiorella iberica A.J.L. Phillips, J. Luque & A. Alves; Do. sarmentorum (Fr.) A.J.L. Phillips, Alves & Luque; and Neofusicoccum parvum (Pennycook & Samuels) Crous, Slippers & A.J.L. Phillips. Other tested species included Biscogniauxia mediterranea (De Not.) Kuntze, B. nummularia (Bull.) Kuntze; Cytospora pruinosa Défago; Nigrospora gorlenkoana Novobr.; N. osmanthi Mei Wang & L. Cai; N. philosophiae-doctoris M. Raza, Qian Chen & L. Cai; Phaeoacremonium iranianum L. Mostert, Grafenhan, W. Gams & Crous; and Sordaria fimicola (Roberge ex Desm.) Ces. & De Not. The results show that Chinese cinnamon and oregano EOs, along with their components, completely inhibited the growth of all tested fungi, indicating their potential as biological control agents in sustainable agriculture. In contrast, the least effective treatments were the EOs derived from lemon and peppermint, as well as the components limonene, menthol, and thymol. Notably, the fungi Do. iberica and N. gorlenkoana were among the most sensitive to all the treatments applied.

Suggested Citation

  • Elena Petrović & Karolina Vrandečić & Jasenka Ćosić & Tamara Siber & Sara Godena, 2025. "Antifungal Efficacy of Essential Oils and Their Predominant Components Against Olive Fungal Pathogens," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-24, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:15:y:2025:i:3:p:340-:d:1583590
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ali Sarkhosh & Bruce Schaffer & Ana I. Vargas & Aaron J. Palmateer & Patricia Lopez & Asiye Soleymani, 2018. "In vitro evaluation of eight plant essential oils for controlling Colletotrichum, Botryosphaeria, Fusarium and Phytophthora fruit rots of avocado, mango and papaya," Plant Protection Science, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 54(3), pages 153-162.
    2. Benedetto T. Linaldeddu & Giovanni Rossetto & Lucia Maddau & Thomas Vatrano & Carlo Bregant, 2023. "Diversity and Pathogenicity of Botryosphaeriaceae and Phytophthora Species Associated with Emerging Olive Diseases in Italy," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-18, August.
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