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Fast and Precise Detection of Dense Soybean Seedlings Images Based on Airborne Edge Device

Author

Listed:
  • Zishang Yang

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Jiawei Liu

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Lele Wang

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Yunhui Shi

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Gongpei Cui

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • Li Ding

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

  • He Li

    (College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China)

Abstract

During the growth stage of soybean seedlings, it is crucial to quickly and precisely identify them for emergence rate assessment and field management. Traditional manual counting methods have some limitations in scenarios with large-scale and high-efficiency requirements, such as being time-consuming, labor-intensive, and prone to human error (such as subjective judgment and visual fatigue). To address these issues, this study proposes a rapid detection method suitable for airborne edge devices and large-scale dense soybean seedling field images. For the dense small target images captured by the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), the YOLOv5s model is used as the improvement benchmark in the technical solution. GhostNetV2 is selected as the backbone feature extraction network. In the feature fusion stage, an attention mechanism—Efficient Channel Attention (ECA)—and a Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network (BiFPN) have been introduced to ensure the model prioritizes the regions of interest. Addressing the challenge of small-scale soybean seedlings in UAV images, the model’s input size is set to 1280 × 1280 pixels. Simultaneously, Performance-aware Approximation of Global Channel Pruning for Multitask CNNs (PAGCP) pruning technology is employed to meet the requirements of mobile or embedded devices. The experimental results show that the identification accuracy of the improved YOLOv5s model reached 92.1%. Compared with the baseline model, its model size and total parameters were reduced by 76.65% and 79.55%, respectively. Beyond these quantitative evaluations, this study also conducted field experiments to verify the detection performance of the improved model in various scenarios. By introducing innovative model structures and technologies, the study aims to effectively detect dense small target features in UAV images and provide a feasible solution for assessing the number of soybean seedlings. In the future, this detection method can also be extended to similar crops.

Suggested Citation

  • Zishang Yang & Jiawei Liu & Lele Wang & Yunhui Shi & Gongpei Cui & Li Ding & He Li, 2024. "Fast and Precise Detection of Dense Soybean Seedlings Images Based on Airborne Edge Device," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 14(2), pages 1-21, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:14:y:2024:i:2:p:208-:d:1328132
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xingmei Xu & Lu Wang & Xuewen Liang & Lei Zhou & Youjia Chen & Puyu Feng & Helong Yu & Yuntao Ma, 2023. "Maize Seedling Leave Counting Based on Semi-Supervised Learning and UAV RGB Images," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-17, June.
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