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Effect of Selected Mechanical/Physical Pre-Treatments on Chlorella vulgaris Protein Solubility

Author

Listed:
  • Maria P. Spínola

    (CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
    Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Mónica M. Costa

    (CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
    Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • José A. M. Prates

    (CIISA—Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal
    Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisboa, Portugal)

Abstract

Chlorella vulgaris has been recognized as an interesting alternative feeding source since it contains a good amount of high-quality protein. However, the presence of a recalcitrant cell wall strongly affects the nutrients’ digestibility, bioaccessibility, and bioavailability. The present study aimed to determine the influence of different pre-treatments (bead milling, extrusion, freeze-drying, heating, microwave, and sonication) on C. vulgaris’ protein solubility. For total protein content and solubility, the Bradford method and sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) quantification were used, respectively, and protein degradation was assessed by SDS-PAGE through quantification of protein fractions (26 kDa, 32–40 kDa, 66–96 kDa, and others). The o -phthaldialdehyde assay was used for peptide formation. While there were no statistically significant differences for total soluble protein measurements in the supernatant fractions, the results showed an increase in larger proteins following bead milling and microwave pre-treatments, and sonication led to higher fractions of the remaining protein (mostly of low molecular weight). Nevertheless, extrusion significantly increased the release of peptides in the soluble fractions, and, considering industrial applicability, this method may be a better choice for improving C. vulgaris protein bioaccessibility in monogastric diets.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria P. Spínola & Mónica M. Costa & José A. M. Prates, 2023. "Effect of Selected Mechanical/Physical Pre-Treatments on Chlorella vulgaris Protein Solubility," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:7:p:1309-:d:1180026
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mónica M. Costa & Maria P. Spínola & José A. M. Prates, 2023. "Combination of Mechanical/Physical Pretreatments with Trypsin or Pancreatin on Arthrospira platensis Protein Degradation," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, January.
    2. Wang, Meng & Cheng, He & Chen, Shibao & Wen, Shumei & Wu, Xia & Zhang, Dongmei & Yuan, Qipeng & Cong, Wei, 2018. "Microalgal cell disruption via extrusion for the production of intracellular valuables," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 339-345.
    3. Maria P. Spínola & Mónica M. Costa & José A. M. Prates, 2023. "Studies on the Impact of Selected Pretreatments on Protein Solubility of Arthrospira platensis Microalga," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, January.
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    1. Mónica M. Costa & Maria P. Spínola & José A. M. Prates, 2023. "Combination of Mechanical/Physical Pretreatments with Trypsin or Pancreatin on Arthrospira platensis Protein Degradation," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, January.
    2. Maria P. Spínola & Mónica M. Costa & José A. M. Prates, 2023. "Studies on the Impact of Selected Pretreatments on Protein Solubility of Arthrospira platensis Microalga," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, January.

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