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Altered Organic Matter Chemical Functional Groups and Bacterial Community Composition Promote Crop Yield under Integrated Soil–Crop Management System

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  • Qi Li

    (College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
    College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Amit Kumar

    (Biology Department, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates)

  • Zhenwei Song

    (Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Beijing 100081, China)

  • Qiang Gao

    (College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China)

  • Yakov Kuzyakov

    (Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems, University of Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany)

  • Jing Tian

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

  • Fusuo Zhang

    (College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China)

Abstract

Sustainable agricultural production is essential to ensure an adequate food supply, and optimal farm management is critical to improve soil quality and the sustainability of agroecosystems. Integrated soil–crop management based on crop models and nutrient management designs has proven useful in increasing yields. However, studies on its effects on the chemical composition of soil organic carbon (SOC) and microbial community composition, as well as their linkage with crop yield, are lacking. Here, we investigated the changes in SOC content, its chemical functional groups, and bacterial communities, as well as their association with crop yield under different farmland management based on four farmland management field trials over 12 years (i.e., FP: farmer practice; IP: improved farmer practice; HY: high-yield system; and ISSM: integrated soil–crop system management). The crop yield increased by 4.1–9.4% and SOC content increased by 15–87% in ISSM compared to other farmland management systems. The increased proportion of Methoxy C and O-alkyl C functional groups with a low ratio of Alkyl C/O-alkyl C, but high Aliphatic C/Aromatic C in ISSM hints toward slow SOC decomposition and high soil C quality. The relative abundances of r-strategists (e.g., Firmicutes, Myxobacteria, and Bacteroidetes) was highest under the ISSM. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed highly complex bacterial communities under ISSM, with greater positive links with labile SOC functional groups. The soil fertility index was the main factor fueling crop yields, as it increased with the relative abundance of r-strategists and SOC content. Our results indicated that crop yield advantages in ISSM were linked to the high C quality and shifts in bacterial composition toward r -strategists by mediating nutrient cycling and soil fertility, thereby contributing to sustainability in cropping systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Qi Li & Amit Kumar & Zhenwei Song & Qiang Gao & Yakov Kuzyakov & Jing Tian & Fusuo Zhang, 2023. "Altered Organic Matter Chemical Functional Groups and Bacterial Community Composition Promote Crop Yield under Integrated Soil–Crop Management System," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-20, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:1:p:134-:d:1025447
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    Cited by:

    1. Masanori Saito & Etelvino Henrique Novotny & Yinglong Chen, 2023. "Soil Carbon and Microbial Processes in Agriculture Ecosystem," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-3, September.

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