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Directing the Apple Rhizobiome toward Resiliency Post-Fumigation

Author

Listed:
  • Tracey Somera

    (United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Tree Fruit Research Laboratory, 1104 N. Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA)

  • Mark Mazzola

    (Department of Plant Pathology, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland 7600, South Africa)

  • Chris Cook

    (Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 1100 N Western Ave., Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA)

Abstract

Currently, there are no standard management practices to counteract the adverse effects of fumigation on the soil microbiome. In this study, a variety of pre-plant soil amendments were examined for their ability to recruit and maintain apple rhizosphere microbiomes that are suppressive to pathogen re-infestation of fumigated orchard soils. The capacity of these amendments to improve other characteristics of soil productivity was also evaluated. Results suggest that composted chicken manure and liquid chitin are likely to be detrimental to plant and soil health when used as a post-fumigation soil amendment. In comparison, insect frass (IF) resulted in a significant increase in tree trunk diameter relative to the fumigated control. Following pathogen re-infestation of fumigated soil, however, IF induced a significant increase in Pythium ultimum in the rhizosphere. Therefore, IF can benefit the growth of young apple trees in fumigated soil but may stimulate pathogen activity upon re-infestation. To date, the possibility of using soil amendments to suppress pathogen re-infestation of fumigated soils has not been tested. Results from this study ground support the use of soil amendments as an intervention strategy for “steering” the soil and rhizosphere microbiome in more beneficial and/or prophylactic directions following fumigation.

Suggested Citation

  • Tracey Somera & Mark Mazzola & Chris Cook, 2023. "Directing the Apple Rhizobiome toward Resiliency Post-Fumigation," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:13:y:2023:i:11:p:2104-:d:1274954
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