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Labor Off-Farm Employment and Farmers’ Cooking Clean Energy Use: Evidence from Rural China

Author

Listed:
  • Wenfeng Zhou

    (College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China)

  • Chen Qing

    (College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China)

  • Shili Guo

    (School of Economics, Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu 610074, China)

  • Jia He

    (College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China)

  • Xin Deng

    (College of Economics, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China)

  • Jiahao Song

    (College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China)

  • Dingde Xu

    (College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
    Sichuan Center for Rural Development Research, College of Management, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China)

Abstract

(Motivation) With the transfer of labor force and the continuous improvement of household income, the household energy consumption structure is also changing. (Gaps) However, few studies have explored the correlations between labor off-farm employment (LOE) and farmers’ cooking clean energy (CCE) consumption. (Methodologies) Using survey data of 8198 farmers in 27 provinces from China’s labor dynamic survey in 2016, the IV-Probit model was used to analyze the impact of LOE on CCE use, and the mediation effect model was used to examine the specific mechanism of action between them. (Results) The results found that: (1) LOE accounted for about 39%, and farmers’ utilization rate of CCE accounted for 40%. (2) LOE has significantly promoted the use of CCE by farmers, and this action mechanism is mainly realized through three paths, that is, per capita annual cash income, social relationship network, and family population structure. (3) The heterogeneity analysis results showed that the head of the household having a university education or above, the family being located in rural areas and mountainous areas, and LOE will have a greater positive impact on the farmers’ CCE use. (Policy) From the micro perspective of LOE, this study can deepen our understanding of LOE and CCE use decisions, and then provide a reference for the rational allocation of labor resources and farmers’ CCE-related policy formulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Wenfeng Zhou & Chen Qing & Shili Guo & Jia He & Xin Deng & Jiahao Song & Dingde Xu, 2022. "Labor Off-Farm Employment and Farmers’ Cooking Clean Energy Use: Evidence from Rural China," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-14, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:7:p:972-:d:856757
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    1. Shi, Xinjie & Cui, Liu & Huang, Zuhui & Zeng, Pei & Qiu, Tongwei & Fu, Linlin & Jiang, Qiang, 2023. "Impact of internal migration on household energy poverty: Empirical evidence from rural China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    2. Hao Li & Huina Liu & Wei-Yew Chang & Chun Wang, 2023. "Factors Affecting Farmers’ Environment-Friendly Fertilization Behavior in China: Synthesizing the Evidence Using Meta-Analysis," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, January.
    3. Liu, Pihui & Han, Chuanfeng & Liu, Xinghua & Teng, Minmin, 2023. "Assessing the effect of nonfarm income on the household cooking energy transition in rural China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).

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