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Utilization of Intra-Cultivar Variation for Grain Yield and Protein Content within Durum Wheat Cultivars

Author

Listed:
  • Elissavet Ninou

    (Department of Agriculture, International Hellenic University, Sindos, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Ioannis Mylonas

    (Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Dimitra, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Ioulia Karagianni

    (Department of Agriculture, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece)

  • Sonia Michailidou

    (Department of Agriculture, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece)

  • Athanasios Tsivelikas

    (International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Al-Irfane, Rabat 10090, Morocco)

  • Iosif Sistanis

    (Department of Agriculture, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece)

  • Ilias Avdikos

    (Department of Agriculture, International Hellenic University, Sindos, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Evangelos Korpetis

    (Hellenic Agricultural Organization-Dimitra, Institute of Plant Breeding and Genetic Resources, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Fokion Papathanasiou

    (Department of Agriculture, University of Western Macedonia, 53100 Florina, Greece)

Abstract

This study assessed the variations in grain yield (GY) and protein content (PC) within two commercial durum wheat cultivars (Svevo and Maestrale) and evaluated their responses to intra-cultivar selection for both traits. We investigated whether the variations are exploitable and could result in concurrent GY and PC upgrading. The experiments were conducted in the IPBGR, Thessaloniki, Greece (2018–2020). The first year included two identical honeycomb design trials under ultra-low plant density (ULD) where the divergent selection was applied based on single plant yield and protein content. In the second year, progeny evaluation under typical crop density (TCD) for GY and PC occurred in a randomized complete block (RCB) and with three replications for each cultivar selected line. This revealed considerable variation within already improved commercial cultivars. Single-plant selection for GY and PC simultaneously resulted in: (a) one high-yielding line that significantly outperformed the original cultivar Svevo while maintaining high PC, and (b) two high-grain PC lines that outperformed the original cultivar Maestrale significantly while maintaining high GY. ULD allowed efficient selection for GY and PC simultaneously within narrow gene pools by maximizing phenotypic expression and differentiation among individual plants.

Suggested Citation

  • Elissavet Ninou & Ioannis Mylonas & Ioulia Karagianni & Sonia Michailidou & Athanasios Tsivelikas & Iosif Sistanis & Ilias Avdikos & Evangelos Korpetis & Fokion Papathanasiou, 2022. "Utilization of Intra-Cultivar Variation for Grain Yield and Protein Content within Durum Wheat Cultivars," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:5:p:661-:d:807806
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Elissavet Ninou & Fokion Papathanasiou & Dimitrios N. Vlachostergios & Ioannis Mylonas & Anastasia Kargiotidou & Chrysanthi Pankou & Ioannis Papadopoulos & Evangelia Sinapidou & Ioannis Tokatlidis, 2019. "Intense Breeding within Lentil Landraces for High-Yielding Pure Lines Sustained the Seed Quality Characteristics," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-13, August.
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