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Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Metastatic Effects of Ethanol Extract from Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Roots and its Sub-Fractions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Author

Listed:
  • Thuy-Lan Thi Vo

    (Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Foods on Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan)

  • Shu-Er Yang

    (Department of Beauty Science and Graduate Institute of Beauty Science Technology, Chienkuo Technology University, Changhua 500, Taiwan)

  • Liang-Gie Huang

    (Department of Stomatology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung 407, Taiwan)

  • Po-Hsien Li

    (Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 43301, Taiwan)

  • Chien-Lin Chen

    (Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Foods on Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan)

  • Tuzz-Ying Song

    (Department of Medicinal Botanicals and Foods on Health Applications, Da-Yeh University, Changhua 515, Taiwan)

Abstract

Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp., known as pigeon pea, C. cajan (L.) Millsp. roots (CR) contain daidzein, genistein, and cajanol which have numerous health benefits. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic effects of sub-fractions (EECRpw, EECRp25, EECRp50, EECRp70, and EECRp95) containing 95% ethanol extract from CR (EECR95) in oral squamous cell carcinoma cells (SCC25). We found that the sub-fraction (EECRp70) significantly inhibited cell proliferation, and down-regulated secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-2 in a dose-dependent manner, and the mechanisms were related to down-regulated iNOS/COX-2/NF-ĸB signaling pathways. Moreover, EECRp70 in combination with a cancer chemotherapeutic agent (cisplatin or taxol) also blocked cell proliferation, arrested cell cycle in subG1 phase, inhibited intracellular production of reactive oxygen species, and reduced migration and invasion of SCC25 cells. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that EECRp70 inhibits proliferation and metastatic, which is related to the relatively high uptake of genistein of EECRp70 (2.71%) in SCC25 cells for 12 h. In addition, EECRp70 contains abundant flavonoids such as genistein and cajanol. Thus, we suggest that the study supports the anecdotal use of CR in herbal medicine and functional food.

Suggested Citation

  • Thuy-Lan Thi Vo & Shu-Er Yang & Liang-Gie Huang & Po-Hsien Li & Chien-Lin Chen & Tuzz-Ying Song, 2022. "Anti-Proliferative and Anti-Metastatic Effects of Ethanol Extract from Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp. Roots and its Sub-Fractions in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-22, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:12:y:2022:i:12:p:1995-:d:982899
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Shu-Er Yang & Thuy-Lan Thi Vo & Chien-Lin Chen & Nae-Cherng Yang & Chen-I Chen & Tuzz-Ying Song, 2020. "Nutritional Composition, Bioactive Compounds and Functional Evaluation of Various Parts of Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-13, November.
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