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What Drives the S&P 500 Inclusion Effect? An Analytical Source

Author

Listed:
  • William Elliott
  • Bonnie Van Ness
  • Mark Walker
  • Richard Warr

Abstract

We present an analytical survey of the explanations—price pressure, downward-sloping demand curves, improved liquidity, improved operating performance, and increased investor awareness—for the increase in stock value associated with inclusion in the S&P 500 Index. We find that increased investor awareness is the primary factor behind the cross-section ofabnormal announcement returns. We also find some evidence of temporary price pressure around the inclusion date. We find no evidence that long-run downward-sloping demand curves for stocks, anticipated improvements in operating performance, or increased liquidity are related to the cross-section of announcement or inclusion returns.

Suggested Citation

  • William Elliott & Bonnie Van Ness & Mark Walker & Richard Warr, 2006. "What Drives the S&P 500 Inclusion Effect? An Analytical Source," Financial Management, Financial Management Association, vol. 35(4), Winter.
    • Handle: RePEc:fma:fmanag:elliottvannessswalkerwarr06
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    Cited by:

    1. Honghui Chen & Vijay Singal & Robert F. Whitelaw, 2015. "Comovement Revisited," NBER Working Papers 21281, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. Alexis Cellier & Pierre Chollet & Souad Lajili Jarjir, 2013. "New empirical evidence on market reactions to changes in Socially Responsible Investment indexes," Post-Print hal-01367120, HAL.
    3. Danbolt, Jo & Hirst, Ian & Jones, Edward, 2018. "Gaming the FTSE 100 index," The British Accounting Review, Elsevier, vol. 50(4), pages 364-378.
    4. Lysle Boller & Fiona Scott Morton, 2020. "Testing the Theory of Common Stock Ownership," NBER Working Papers 27515, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    5. Tor‐Erik Bakke & Hamed Mahmudi & Ashley Newton, 2020. "Performance peer groups in CEO compensation contracts," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 49(4), pages 997-1027, December.
    6. Hongfei Tang & Kangzhen Xie & Xiaoqing Eleanor Xu, 2022. "Real estate as a new equity market sector: Market responses and return comovement," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 50(2), pages 431-467, June.
    7. Ernest N. Biktimirov & Yuanbin Xu, 2019. "Asymmetric stock price and investor awareness reactions to changes in the Nasdaq 100 index," Journal of Asset Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 20(2), pages 134-145, March.
    8. repec:ibf:ijbfre:v:11:y:2017:i:2:p:81-92 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Loice Koskei, 2017. "The Effect of Foreign Portfolio Equity Sales on Stock Returns in Kenya: Evidence from NSE Listed Financial Institutions," International Journal of Economics and Finance, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(4), pages 185-190, April.
    10. Houdou Basse Mama & Stefan Mueller & Ulrich Pape, 2017. "What’s in the news? The ambiguity of the information content of index reconstitutions in Germany," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 49(4), pages 1087-1119, November.
    11. Di Martino, G. & Miglietta, F. & Potì, V., 2024. "The impact of ESG scores on the value relevance of fair value hierarchy of financial instruments: Evidence from European Banks," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    12. Abdul Rahman & Prabina Rajib, 2018. "Index Revisions, Stock Liquidity and the Cost of Equity Capital," Global Business Review, International Management Institute, vol. 19(4), pages 1072-1089, August.
    13. Prabhdeep Kaur & Jaspal Singh, 2021. "Impact of ETF Listing on the Returns Generated by Underlying Stocks: Indian Evidence," Management and Labour Studies, XLRI Jamshedpur, School of Business Management & Human Resources, vol. 46(3), pages 263-288, August.

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