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CEO Incentives, Cash Flow, and Investment

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  • John Paul Broussard
  • Sheree A. Buchenroth
  • Eugene A. Pilotte

Abstract

We estimate the impact of chief executive officer (CEO) incentives on the sensitivity of investment to cash flow during a period of strong economic growth. Our measure of the alignment of managers’ and shareholders’ interests, pay-performance sensitivity (PPS), incorporates both stock and stock option holdings. Contrary to prior studies, we find that the dominant effect of increasing alignment is to reduce the overinvestment of free cash flow. We find no evidence that incentives exacerbate the severity of financial constraints. We find some evidence that PPS helps reduce the underinvestment of cash flow due to managerial shirking.

Suggested Citation

  • John Paul Broussard & Sheree A. Buchenroth & Eugene A. Pilotte, 2004. "CEO Incentives, Cash Flow, and Investment," Financial Management, Financial Management Association, vol. 33(2), Summer.
    • Handle: RePEc:fma:fmanag:broussardbuchenrothpilotte04
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Xin Qu & Majella Percy & Fang Hu & Jenny Stewart, 2022. "Can CEO equity‐based compensation limit investment‐related agency problems?," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 62(2), pages 2579-2614, June.
    2. Firth, Michael & Malatesta, Paul H. & Xin, Qingquan & Xu, Liping, 2012. "Corporate investment, government control, and financing channels: Evidence from China's Listed Companies," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 433-450.
    3. Matthew T. Billett & David C. Mauer & Yilei Zhang, 2010. "Stockholder and Bondholder Wealth Effects of CEO Incentive Grants," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 39(2), pages 463-487, June.
    4. Ranjan D’Mello & Xinghua Gao & Yonghong Jia, 2017. "Internal control and internal capital allocation: evidence from internal capital markets of multi-segment firms," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 251-287, March.
    5. Imen Derouiche & Majdi Hassan & Sarra Amdouni, 2018. "Ownership structure and investment-cash flow sensitivity," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 22(1), pages 31-54, March.
    6. Wan, Jianjun & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2023. "Corporate investment and the dilemma of the monetary policy: Evidence from China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 106-121.
    7. He Xiao, 2023. "Institutional investors' corporate site visits and corporate investment efficiency," International Review of Finance, International Review of Finance Ltd., vol. 23(2), pages 359-392, June.
    8. Huai-Chun Lo & Shin-Rong Shiah-Hou, 2022. "The effect of CEO power on overinvestment," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 59(1), pages 23-63, July.
    9. Gayané Hovakimian, 2009. "Determinants of Investment Cash Flow Sensitivity," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 38(1), pages 161-183, March.
    10. Pellicani, Aline Damasceno & Kalatzis, Aquiles Elie Guimarães, 2019. "Ownership structure, overinvestment and underinvestment: Evidence from Brazil," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 475-482.
    11. Hakan Uslu & Larry Teeter, 2017. "Shutdown Decision of Firms Based on Variable Costs and Demand," The American Economist, Sage Publications, vol. 62(1), pages 43-65, March.
    12. Allison L. Evans, 2008. "Portfolio Manager Ownership and Mutual Fund Performance," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 37(3), pages 513-534, September.
    13. Chuan‐San Wang & Norman Strong & Samuel Tung & Steve Lin, 2009. "Share Repurchases, the Clustering Problem, and the Free Cash Flow Hypothesis," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 38(3), pages 487-505, September.
    14. Stephen Bryan & Robert Nash & Ajay Patel, 2010. "How the Legal System Affects the Equity Mix in Executive Compensation," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 39(1), pages 393-418, March.
    15. Beatriz Mariano & Josep Tribó Giné, 2015. "Creditor Intervention, Investment, and Growth Opportunities," Journal of Financial Services Research, Springer;Western Finance Association, vol. 47(2), pages 203-228, April.
    16. Riachi, Ilham & Schwienbacher, Armin, 2015. "Investment, firm performance and securitization: Evidence from industrial companies," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 13(C), pages 17-28.
    17. Fu, Richard & Wedge, Lei, 2011. "Managerial ownership and the disposition effect," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 35(9), pages 2407-2417, September.
    18. Yilei Zhang, 2009. "Are Debt and Incentive Compensation Substitutes in Controlling the Free Cash Flow Agency Problem?," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 38(3), pages 507-541, September.

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