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What’s Driving Labor Force Participation Among Women?

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A substantial and unexpected rise in women’s labor force participation rates over the past few years has been a key factor spurring rapid labor force growth. In particular, Hispanic women have made a disproportionately large contribution to post-pandemic growth in prime-age women’s participation rates. Analysis shows that this group’s increase was driven by both a rise in labor market participation over the life cycle within generational cohorts and notably higher participation rates among younger generations than older generations’ participation when they were the same age.

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  • Deepika Baskar Prabhakar & Sabrina J. Considine & Brandon E. Miskanic & Nicolas Petrosky-Nadeau, 2025. "What’s Driving Labor Force Participation Among Women?," FRBSF Economic Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, vol. 2025(04), pages 1-5, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:fedfel:99535
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Deepika Baskar Prabhakar & Robert G. Valletta, 2024. "Why Is Prime-Age Labor Force Participation So High?," FRBSF Economic Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, vol. 2024(03), pages 1-6, January.
    2. Na’ama Shenhav, 2023. "How Much Do Work Interruptions Reduce Mothers’ Wages?," FRBSF Economic Letter, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, vol. 2023(25), pages 1-6, October.
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