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Dünya Ve Türkiye – Gıda Güvencesi Durumu

Author

Listed:
  • Taylan KIYMAZ

    (METU)

  • Ahmet ŞAHİNÖZ

    (Hacettepe University)

Abstract

Uluslararası finans kurumları aracılığıyla ve Dünya Ticaret Örgütü Anlaşmaları ile uygulatılan ‘yapısal uyum programları’ ve serbestleşme politikaları yanında gelişmiş ülkelerce uygulanan piyasayı bozucu desteklemeler gelişmekte olan ülkelerin tarımsal üretiminin sürdürülebilirliği ve piyasalarının istikrarı açısından olumsuzluklar doğurmuştur. 2007-2008 döneminde dünya tarım piyasalarındaki istikrarsızlık ve arz veya talep yönlü dışsal şoklarla yaşanan gıda krizi ve sonrasındaki finans krizi birçok ülkenin gıda güvencesini olumsuz etkilemiştir. Bu çalışmada, dünya ve ülkemizdeki gıda güvencesi koşulları incelenip karşılaştırılmış ve ülkemiz için bazı politika önerileri geliştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Türkiye’de 2001 yılında uygulanmaya başlanan yapısal uyum programları yoluyla benimsenen tarım politikaları sonrasında tarımda süregelen arz yönlü sorunlar artmıştır. Gıda yoksulluğu Türkiye’de küçük bir nüfus için geçerli olsa da, özellikle hayvansal gıdalardaki yetersiz arz, gıda güvencesizliği veya beslenme yetersizlikleri ortaya çıkartmaktadır. Bu bağlamda, tarımsal desteklemenin bölge bazında ele alınmasına yönelik çabaların artırılması, altyapı yatırımlarına öncelik verilmesi ve tarıma girdi veren ve tarımdan girdi alan sektörlerde kamunun piyasaları düzenleme rolünün dikkate alınması önemli görülmektedir.

Suggested Citation

  • Taylan KIYMAZ & Ahmet ŞAHİNÖZ, 2010. "Dünya Ve Türkiye – Gıda Güvencesi Durumu," Ekonomik Yaklasim, Ekonomik Yaklasim Association, vol. 21(76), pages 1-30.
    • Handle: RePEc:eyd:eyjrnl:v:21:y:2010:i:76:p:1-30
    DOI: 10.5455/ey.20045
    Note: [English Title] Food Security Situation – The World and Turkey [English Abstract] ‘Structural adjustment programs’ implemented through international finance institutions and liberalization policies adopted via World Trade Organization accompanied by the market distructing policies of developed countries have adversely affected sustainability of agricultural production and market stability in developing countries. Market disturbances and supply or demand sided exogenous shocks, known as food crisis in 2007-2008 period, followed by a global finance crisis, have disrupted global food security. In this study, the food security conditions in the world and in Turkey are searched and compared in order to make policy recommendations for Turkey. By 2001, the structural adjustment programs implemented in Turkey raised supply sided problems in agriculture. Although food insecure population is low in Turkey, supply deficit in animal originated products is likely to create food insecurity or nutritional problems in the society. In this context, region-specific support of agriculture should be accepted as a new approach, the infrastructure investments should be prioritised and the regulatory role of the government should be recognized in upstream and downstream sectors of agriculture. [English Keywords] Food Security, Agricultural Markets, Structural Adjustment Programs, Agricultural Support.
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    Keywords

    Gıda Güvencesi; Tarım Piyasaları; Yapısal Uyum Programları; Tarımsal Destekleme.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q10 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - General
    • Q13 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Markets and Marketing; Cooperatives; Agribusiness
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade
    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy

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