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Atatürk’ün Kalkınma Modeli: Devletçi İktisat Politikası Boyutu

Author

Listed:
  • İrfan KALAYCI

    (Inonu University)

Abstract

Atatürk’ün kalkınma modeli (AKM), Atatürk’ün, Cumhuriyet Türkiyesi’nin kurulusu için fikir ve eylem planındaki iktisadi politikalarıyla damgasını vurduğu 1923-1938 yıllarını kapsar. Modelin hareket noktası iktisadi bağımsızlık ve refah; en son hedef ise ülkeyi çağdaş (Batı) uygarlık düzeyine ulaştırmaktır. Bu yolda kullanılacak araçlar “devletçilik” sistemi ve sanayi planlarıdır. Bir iktisat politikası sistemi olarak devletçilik sayesinde, bir yandan kamu sermayeli yeni fabrikalar ve hizmet kurumları hayata geçirilecek, öte yandan da özel sektör teşvik edilecektir. Ayrıca, yabancı isletmeler de sırasıyla millileştirilecektir. AKM, tümüyle ne sosyalist ne de kapitalist bir ideolojiye dayanmakta; tersine, ülkenin gerçek ihtiyaçlarına uygun olarak devletçiliği esas almaktadır. O nedenle, ideolojik değil, pragmatik bir modeldir. Dolayısıyla, model, bir dizi ulusal ve devletçi nitelikli iktisat politikaları (para, maliye, dış ticaret, vb) üzerine kurulu olarak işlemektedir. Atatürk’ün “dengeci” bir anlayış (örneğin enflasyonsuz ve denk bütçe) ile sürdürdüğü bu politikaların yardımıyla ulusal bir kalkınma hareketi başlatılmıştır.

Suggested Citation

  • İrfan KALAYCI, 2008. "Atatürk’ün Kalkınma Modeli: Devletçi İktisat Politikası Boyutu," Ekonomik Yaklasim, Ekonomik Yaklasim Association, vol. 19(Special), pages 227-249.
    • Handle: RePEc:eyd:eyjrnl:v:19:y:2008:i:1:p:227-249
    DOI: 10.5455/ey.10654
    Note: [English Title] ATATURK’S DEVELOPMENT MODEL: THE ROLE OF THE STATIST ECONOMIC POLICY [English Abstract] Ataturk’s development model (ADM) covers the years of 1923-1938 in which he established Turkish Republic by his ideas and actions. The aim of model is economic independence and welfare, and its last target is tı reach country to modern civilisation. The means to get this aim are statism system industrial plans. By statism as an economic policy system, not only public capitalized new factories will be constructed, but also private sector will be encouraged. Also, foreign businesses are going to be nationalized. ADM is not based socialist or capitalist ideology, on the contrary, it is based on statism due to country’s real needs. Thus, it is not doctriner but pragmatic model. Moreover, this model performs on a series of national and statist featured economic policies which include monetary, financebudgetary, foreign trade, etc. [English Keywords] Ataturk’s development model, statism, economic policy.
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