Economic Evaluation of Maize Cultivation Practices in Salem District, Tamil Nadu, India

Purpose: This study aims to examine the cost efficiency management of maize production in Salem district, Tamil Nadu, focusing on various landholding sizes and their respective costs, returns, and productivity. Maize is an important crop in Tamil Nadu, contributing significantly to the state's agricultural output. Design/methodology/approach: The research analyzes the cost of cultivation, including inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, labor, and other essential farm operations, while evaluating the net returns and cost-benefit ratios across different farm sizes—marginal, small, medium, and large. The study employs a multi-stage random sampling method, with data collected from 96 respondents across selected villages in the Thalaivasal block. Findings: The findings reveal variations in cost structures, with larger farms benefiting from economies of scale and achieving higher returns, while marginal and small farmers face higher costs per unit of production. Practical implications: The study also highlights the challenges faced by farmers, including rising input costs and the need for better resource management. Originality/value: By addressing these issues, the state can enhance the livelihood of its farming community and further strengthen its position in maize cultivation.