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Revisiting the relationship between corporate governance and corporate social and environmental disclosure practices in Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • Khurram Ashfaq
  • Zhang Rui

Abstract

Purpose - This study aims to revisit the corporate social and environmental disclosure (CSED) practices of Pakistani companies using unique CSED index which measures the CSED through three dimensions such as theme, news type and nature of information. In addition, the effect of board composition, ownership structure and corporate characteristics on CSED was tested through performing multiple regression analysis. Design/methodology/approach - For this purpose, data were collected from annual reports of top 120 companies’ selected based on market capitalization for three years period of 2013-2015. Findings - Based on the descriptive statistics, the results found that overall level of CSED in Pakistan is moderate. However considering CSED using three dimensions, the results demonstrate that highest level of disclosure on the basis of theme is reported in terms of human resource category as compared to other categories where, as in terms of news type and nature of information, analysis shows that companies in Pakistan feel resistant to disclose bad news, monetary and non-monetary aspect of CSED information. Using multiple regression analysis, the results found that all the variables have hypothesized relationship with CSED except government and institutional ownership. The variables such as chairman as non-executive director, board diversity, appointment of independent director as audit committee chairman, CSR committee, industry type and firm size are found to have significant influence on the CSED practices in Pakistan. Research limitations/implications - These results imply that the CSED phenomenon is still lacking behind. Under individual categories of CSED, descriptive statistics found that environment is still not a matter of concern for companies operating in Pakistan. In addition, the results demonstrate that CSED practices are only performed by very few companies in Pakistan based on standard deviation. In addition, appointment of non-executive and independent director as chairman of board and audit committee and representation of foreigners on the board should be encouraged in order to improve CSED practices in Pakistan. Originality/value - This study contributes to the existing literature in developing country like Pakistan through using unique CSED index and also making comparison of financial versus non-financial sectors. The author suggests that regulatory authorities in Pakistan must take reasonable steps to make the company’s operations environment-friendly.

Suggested Citation

  • Khurram Ashfaq & Zhang Rui, 2018. "Revisiting the relationship between corporate governance and corporate social and environmental disclosure practices in Pakistan," Social Responsibility Journal, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 15(1), pages 90-119, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:srjpps:srj-01-2017-0001
    DOI: 10.1108/SRJ-01-2017-0001
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Nusirat Ojuolape Gold & Fauziah Md. Taib & Yaxin Ma, 2022. "Firm-Level Attributes, Industry-Specific Factors, Stakeholder Pressure, and Country-Level Attributes: Global Evidence of What Inspires Corporate Sustainability Practices and Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-28, October.
    2. Mahdi Salehi & Grzegorz Zimon & Arash Arianpoor & Fatemeh Eidi Gholezoo, 2022. "The Impact of Investment Efficiency on Firm Value and Moderating Role of Institutional Ownership and Board Independence," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-13, April.
    3. Ali Meftah Gerged, 2021. "Factors affecting corporate environmental disclosure in emerging markets: The role of corporate governance structures," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(1), pages 609-629, January.
    4. Ching-Chung Lin & Tran Phuoc Nguyen, 2022. "The Impact of Ownership Structure on Corporate Social Responsibility Performance in Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-13, September.

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