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Corporate social responsibility and systematic risk: international evidence

Author

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  • Gregor Dorfleitner
  • Johannes Grebler

Abstract

Purpose - This paper aims to close gaps in the current literature according to whether there are differences regarding the relationship between corporate social performance (CSP) and systematic risk when diverse regions of the world are considered, and what the respective drivers for this relationship are. Furthermore, it tests the robustness to alternative measures for CSP and systematic risk. Design/methodology/approach - This study focuses on the impact of corporate social responsibility on systematic firm risk in an international sample. The authors measure CSP emerging from a company's social responsibility efforts by utilizing a CSP rating framework that covers a variety of dimensions. The instrumental variable approach is applied to mitigate endogeneity and identify causal relationships. Findings - The impact of overall CSP on systematic risk is most distinct for North American firms and, in descending order, weaker in Europe, Asia–Pacific and Japan. Risk mitigation applies across all four regions. However, the magnitude of impact differs. While the most critical drivers in North America and Japan include product responsibility, Europe is affected most by the employees category and Asia–Pacific by environmental innovation. Practical implications - The findings help firms to control their cost of equity and investors may identify low-risk stocks by considering certain aspects of CSP. Originality/value - This study distinguishes itself from previous literature addressing the connection between systematic risk and CSP by focusing on regional differences in an international sample, using the very transparent CSP measures of Asset4, identifying underlying impact drivers, and testing for robustness to alternative measures of systematic risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Gregor Dorfleitner & Johannes Grebler, 2022. "Corporate social responsibility and systematic risk: international evidence," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 23(1), pages 85-120, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:eme:jrfpps:jrf-07-2020-0162
    DOI: 10.1108/JRF-07-2020-0162
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    Cited by:

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    2. Bashir, Muhammad Farhan & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Malik, Muhammad Nasir & Ma, Beiling & Wang, Jianming, 2023. "Energy transition, natural resource consumption and environmental degradation: The role of geopolitical risk in sustainable development," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
    3. Chang, Lei & Shi, Fanglan & Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad & Saydaliev, Hayot Berk, 2023. "Information and communication technologies development and the resource curse," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    4. Dai, Zhifeng & Luo, Zhuang & Liu, Chang, 2023. "Dynamic volatility spillovers and investment strategies between crude oil, new energy, and resource related sectors," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    5. Khan, Yasir & Hassan, Taimoor & Guiqin, Huang & Nabi, Ghulam, 2023. "Analyzing the impact of natural resources and rule of law on sustainable environment: A proposed policy framework for BRICS economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(PA).
    6. Wang, Xiang & Yin, Jian & Yang, Yao & Muda, Iskandar & Abduvaxitovna, Shamansurova Zilola & AlWadi, Belal Mahmoud & Castillo-Picon, Jorge & Abdul-Samad, Zulkiflee, 2023. "Relationship between the resource curse, Forest management and sustainable development and the importance of R&D Projects," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
    7. Zhu, Jia & Zhou, Pengfei & Shen, Yang, 2024. "Exploring the individual and combined effect of natural resource rents, fin-tech, and renewable energy on sustainable development: New insights from SSA countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    8. Song, Xianyun & Hou, Wenwen, 2024. "Mineral resources and growth nexus in ASEAN countries: What role do trade diversification, ICT, and financial inclusion play in the resource curse spectrum?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    9. Zhu, Mingqi, 2023. "Validating resources curse hypothesis in US: Exploring the relevancy of financial market risk and technology innovation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    10. Lin, Shu & Yuan, Ying, 2023. "China's resources curse hypothesis: Evaluating the role of green innovation and green growth," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    11. Ma, Yechi & Sha, Yezhou & Wang, Zilong & Zhang, Wenjing, 2023. "The effect of the policy mix of green credit and government subsidy on environmental innovation," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    12. Wang, Zhixiao & Kong, Dongmin & Liu, Shasha, 2024. "Corporate social responsibility and firm-level systematic risk: The moderating effect of economic policy uncertainty," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    13. Li, Jingpeng & Umar, Muhammad & Huo, Jiale, 2023. "The spillover effect between Chinese crude oil futures market and Chinese green energy stock market," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    14. Wang, Canghong & Zheng, Chaoliang & Hu, Caishuang & Luo, Yibin & Liang, Miya, 2023. "Resources sustainability and energy transition in China: Asymmetric role of digital trade and policy uncertainty using QARDL," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PB).
    15. Fu, Rong & Liu, Jianmei, 2023. "Revenue sources of natural resources rents and its impact on sustainable development: Evidence from global data," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    16. Liu, Zhihong & ul Islam, Misbah & Alarifi, Ghadah Abdulrahman & Cong, Phan The & Khudoykulov, Khurshid & Quynh, Le Nhu & Hossain, Md. Shamim, 2023. "Does energy efficiency mediate a green economic recovery? Evidence from China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 802-815.
    17. Jiao, Lei & Xie, Baiwei & Lu, Sijin, 2023. "Understanding the economy of natural resources: Fundamental role of natural resources in sustainable development," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(PB).
    18. Du, Yuqiu & Wang, Wendi, 2023. "The role of green financing, agriculture development, geopolitical risk, and natural resource on environmental pollution in China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C).
    19. Khan, Zeeshan & Hossain, Mohammad Razib & Badeeb, Ramez Abubakr & Zhang, Changyong, 2023. "Aggregate and disaggregate impact of natural resources on economic performance: Role of green growth and human capital," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).

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