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What makes firms vulnerable to the Russia–Ukraine crisis?

Author

Listed:
  • Wajih Abbassi
  • Vineeta Kumari
  • Dharen Kumar Pandey

Abstract

Purpose - This study examines the impact of the Russia–Ukraine war on the constituent firms of the leading stock market indices of the G7 countries to provide insights into the vulnerability of firms to war events. Design/methodology/approach - This study employs the event study method on a sample of 531 firms covering the period from 02 March 2021 to 08 March 2022 and conducts a cross-sectional analysis of cumulative abnormal returns and country- and firm-specific variables. Findings - Risk exposure and trade dependence trigger invasion-generated negative abnormal returns. The authors demonstrate that stock prices are fragile to geopolitical risks and trade dependence. Consistent with previous literature, the authors find evidence of a size anomaly and high risk associated with a higher book-to-market ratio. Research limitations/implications - This study has implications for policymakers identifying the firm-specific variables driving event-induced returns. While providing insights into the geographical diversification of funds, this study shows the heterogeneous characteristics of firms operating in these countries. Originality/value - Previous studies on the Russia–Ukraine war have been limited to analyzing the behavior of leading stock market indices without examining firm-level variations triggered by the war. This study fills this gap and contributes to the growing literature on the Russia–Ukraine crisis in two ways: first, it provides firm-level evidence from the G7 countries in addition to how global stock market indices have reacted to the invasion and second, it uses cross-sectional analysis to provide evidence of the characteristics that make firms resilient to wars. Highlights - We are the first to report firm-level evidence of the Russia–Ukraine war effectsFirms in France and the United States are unaffectedStock prices are fragile to geopolitical risks and considerable dependence on tradeHigher book-to-market exposes the firms to the risk of exogenous shocksSmaller firms outperform large firms in the G7 stock markets

Suggested Citation

  • Wajih Abbassi & Vineeta Kumari & Dharen Kumar Pandey, 2022. "What makes firms vulnerable to the Russia–Ukraine crisis?," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 24(1), pages 24-39, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:jrfpps:jrf-05-2022-0108
    DOI: 10.1108/JRF-05-2022-0108
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Assaf, Rima & Gupta, Deeksha & Kumar, Rahul, 2023. "The price of war: Effect of the Russia-Ukraine war on the global financial market," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 28(C).
    2. Silva, Thiago Christiano & Wilhelm, Paulo Victor Berri & Tabak, Benjamin Miranda, 2023. "Trade matters except to war neighbors: The international stock market reaction to 2022 Russia’s invasion of Ukraine," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    3. Pandey, Dharen Kumar & Lucey, Brian M. & Kumar, Satish, 2023. "Border disputes, conflicts, war, and financial markets research: A systematic review," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    4. Guo, Yaoqi & Li, Yingli & Liu, Yongheng & Zhang, Hongwei, 2023. "The impact of geopolitical relations on the evolution of cobalt trade network from the perspective of industrial chain," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PA).
    5. Khan, Muhammad Asif & Segovia, Juan E.Trinidad & Bhatti, M.Ishaq & Kabir, Asif, 2023. "Corporate vulnerability in the US and China during COVID-19: A machine learning approach," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    6. Oana Panazan & Catalin Gheorghe, 2024. "Impact of Geopolitical Risk on G7 Financial Markets: A Comparative Wavelet Analysis between 2014 and 2022," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-22, January.
    7. Olajide O. Oyadeyi & Sodiq Arogundade & Mduduzi Biyase, 2024. "How did African stock markets react to the Russia-Ukraine crisis “black-swan” event? Empirical insights from event study," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, December.
    8. Salami, Monsurat Ayojimi & Tanrıvermiş, Harun & Tanrıvermiş, Yesim, 2024. "Influence of Ukraine invasion by Russia on Turkish markets," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 29(C).
    9. Wang, Yi-Ran & Ma, Chao-Qun & Ren, Yi-Shuai, 2022. "A model for CBDC audits based on blockchain technology: Learning from the DCEP," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 63(C).
    10. Ahmed, Shamima & Assaf, Rima & Rahman, Molla Ramizur & Tabassum, Fariha, 2023. "Is geopolitical risk interconnected? Evidence from Russian-Ukraine crisis," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 28(C).
    11. Kumari, Vineeta & Kumar, Gaurav & Pandey, Dharen Kumar, 2023. "Are the European Union stock markets vulnerable to the Russia–Ukraine war?," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
    12. Naveed, Muhammad & Ali, Shoaib & Gubareva, Mariya & Omri, Anis, 2024. "When giants fall: Tracing the ripple effects of Silicon Valley Bank (SVB) collapse on global financial markets," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(PA).
    13. Balash, Vladimir & Faizliev, Alexey, 2024. "Volatility spillovers across Russian oil and gas sector. Evidence of the impact of global markets and extraordinary events," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).
    14. Chortane, Sana Gaied & Pandey, Dharen Kumar, 2022. "Does the Russia-Ukraine war lead to currency asymmetries? A US dollar tale," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 26(C).
    15. Bouteska, Ahmed & Harasheh, Murad & Abedin, Mohammad Zoynul, 2023. "Revisiting overconfidence in investment decision-making: Further evidence from the U.S. market," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    16. Pandey, Dharen Kumar & Hunjra, Ahmed Imran & Hassan, M. Kabir & Rai, Varun Kumar, 2023. "Venture capital financing during crises: A bibliometric review," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    17. Pandey, Dharen Kumar & Hassan, M.Kabir & Kumari, Vineeta & Zaied, Younes Ben & Rai, Varun Kumar, 2024. "Mapping the landscape of FinTech in banking and finance: A bibliometric review," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 67(PA).
    18. Gupta, Somya & Pandey, Dharen Kumar & El Ammari, Anis & Sahu, Ganesh P., 2023. "Do perceived risks and benefits impact trust and willingness to adopt CBDCs?," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    19. Pandey, Dharen Kumar & Assaf, Rima & Rai, Varun Kumar, 2023. "Did the Indian stock market sail the Russia-Ukraine storm safely?," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 28(C).
    20. Alshater, Muneer M. & Alqaralleh, Huthaifa & El Khoury, Rim, 2023. "Dynamic asymmetric connectedness in technological sectors," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 27(C).
    21. Piserà, Stefano & Chiaramonte, Laura & Paltrinieri, Andrea & Pichler, Flavio, 2024. "Firm systematic risk after the Russia–Ukraine invasion," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    22. Lal, Madan & Kumar, Satish & Pandey, Dharen Kumar & Rai, Varun Kumar & Lim, Weng Marc, 2023. "Exchange rate volatility and international trade," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    23. Pham, Huy & Ha, Van & Le, Hanh-Hong & Ramiah, Vikash & Frino, Alex, 2024. "The effects of polluting behaviour, dirty energy and electricity consumption on firm performance: Evidence from the recent crises," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 129(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Russian invasion; G7 stock markets; Event study; Abnormal returns; Risk exposure; G12; G14; G15;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets

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