Deciphering the factors shaping blockchain technology adoption in the BFSI industry: TISM-MICMAC approach

Purpose - As the global financial ecosystem grapples with the complexities of modernization, blockchain technology emerges as a pivotal catalyst, offering the banking, financial services, and insurance (BFSI) industry unprecedented opportunities for secured digital transformation and enhanced customer trust. To gain a comprehensive understanding of blockchain technology adoption, this study aims to identify the factors and establish the contextual interrelationships among them. Design/methodology/approach - The authors have identified the factors affecting blockchain technology adoption in BFSI industry through extensive literature review and experts’ interviews. After identification of factors, contextual relationship has been established based on experts’ opinion and total interpretive structural modeling (TISM) approach. Furthermore, factors are categorized into autonomous, dependent, linkage and driving variables using cross-impact matrix multiplication applied to classification analysis. Findings - The TISM-based structural model is divided into eight different hierarchal levels in which Government support is placed on the lower most layer (level 8) which indicates that this is the most crucial factor in blockchain adoption. Further social influence and security are placed on seventh and sixth level in the hierarchy. Practical implications - The results of this study will help the policymakers to direct the resources from the most crucial factor to other factors in the hierarchy as per their relevance. In essence, this study serves as a guiding compass, steering the course of blockchain technology adoption in the BFSI sector toward a more secure and digitally transformed future. Originality/value - In the current landscape, blockchain technology remains in its nascent stage, leaving ample room for exploration and innovation. This study stands as the pioneering effort to comprehensively identify and establish the contextual relationships among the adoption factors of blockchain technology within BFSI industry. Through rigorous TISM analysis, this paper enriches the existing body of knowledge on blockchain technology adoption.