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Earnings managementpara evitar reportar pérdidas: Chile, 2010-2014

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  • Edinson Edgardo Cornejo-Saavedra

Abstract

Propósito - Examinar si las firmas no financieras que estuvieron registradas en la Superintendencia de Valores y Seguros de Chile (SVS) manipularon la cifra de beneficios para evitar reportar pérdidas o disminuciones en las ganancias, durante el período 2010-2014. Diseño/metodología/enfoque - Se analizó la distribución de los beneficios netos y la distribución de los cambios en los beneficios netos de las firmas, de acuerdo con la metodología de Burgstahler y Dichev (1997). Hallazgos - Los resultados mostraron frecuencias inusualmente bajas de pequeñas pérdidas y de pequeñas disminuciones en los beneficios, y frecuencias inusualmente altas de pequeñas utilidades y de pequeños incrementos en las ganancias. Ambos resultados fueron estadísticamente significativos. Implicaciones prácticas - El estudio presentó evidencia de posibles prácticas deearnings managementpara evitar reportar pérdidas o disminuciones en el beneficio neto durante el período 2010-2014. Estos resultados permitirían identificar empresas “sospechosas” deearnings management, y aumentarían la probabilidad de detectar las firmas que manipularon al alza el beneficio reportado en los estados financieros o que —en un caso extremo— cometieron un fraude aún no revelado. Originalidad/valor - Los resultados de este tipo de estudios podrían ser útiles para focalizar actividades de monitorización y fiscalización para una mayor transparencia en el mercado bursátil. Palabras clave - Manipulación del beneficio contable, Distribución de frecuencias, Beneficio neto, Pérdida, Umbral de beneficios. Clasificación del artículo - Trabajo de investigación Purpose - This paper aims to examine whether a sample of non-financial Chilean firms performed earnings management to avoid the decreases and losses in the earnings during the 2010-2014 period. Design/methodology/approach - The analysis is undertaken using the distributions of earnings changes and earnings, according to Burgstahler and Dichev (1997) methodology. Findings - The results showed unusually low frequencies of small losses and small declines in earnings and unusually high frequencies of small benefits and small increases in earnings. Both results were statistically significant. Practical implications - The study presents evidence of possible earnings management activity to avoid reporting losses and earnings decreases during the period 2010-2014. These results would allow to identify “suspicious” companies of earnings management and would increase the likelihood of detecting firms that managed upside the reported earnings or that – in an extreme case – would be committing a fraud not disclosed. Originality/value - The results of these types of studies would be useful to carry out monitoring and control activities, to increase transparency in the stock market.

Suggested Citation

  • Edinson Edgardo Cornejo-Saavedra, 2018. "Earnings managementpara evitar reportar pérdidas: Chile, 2010-2014," Journal of Economics, Finance and Administrative Science, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 23(45), pages 167-181, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:eme:jefasp:jefas-11-2017-0107
    DOI: 10.1108/JEFAS-11-2017-0107
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