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Community resilience through entrepreneurship: the role of gender

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  • Fiona Eva Bakas

Abstract

Purpose - This paper aims to contribute to entrepreneurship theorising by highlighting the salience of feminine caring positions in creating novel entrepreneurial roles and investigating how these roles contribute to community resilience. Using a critical feminist economics lens, alternative conceptualisations of the economy are expanded upon to reveal how an economic externality influences entrepreneurial discourse, gender roles and community resilience. Design/methodology/approach - In this interpretive approach, empirical evidence is drawn from six months of intensive ethnographic research with 20 tourism handicraft micro-entrepreneurs in Crete and Epirus, Greece, in 2012 and hence in the context of a macroeconomic crisis. Ethnographic interviewing and participant observation are used as the methods to achieve the research objectives. Findings - Thematic analysis is used to investigate how gender roles and entrepreneurial roles interact and how this interaction influences community resilience to an economic crisis. Using the critical theory to critique neoclassical economics interpretations of entrepreneurship, it becomes evident that politico-economic structures perpetuating feminised responsibility for social reproduction configure feminine entrepreneurial roles, and these roles have a positive effect on increasing community resilience. By conceptualising entrepreneurial involvement as being primarily for community gain, participants highlight how feminine entrepreneurial discourse differs from the neoclassical economics entrepreneurial discourse of entrepreneurial involvement being primarily for individual gain. Social implications - This paper contributes to theoretical advancements on the role of gender in entrepreneurship and community resilience by investigating the entrepreneurs’ gendered responses to an exogenous shock. Providing insight into the role gender has in entrepreneurial adaptation and sustainable business practices means that new policies to combat social exclusion and promote rural development can be formulated. Originality/value - The theoretical interplay between gender and entrepreneurship is investigated from a novel angle, that of critical feminist economics. The relationship between feminised interpretations of entrepreneurship and community resilience is brought to light, providing a unique insight into entrepreneurial resilience.

Suggested Citation

  • Fiona Eva Bakas, 2017. "Community resilience through entrepreneurship: the role of gender," Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 11(1), pages 61-77, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:eme:jecpps:jec-01-2015-0008
    DOI: 10.1108/JEC-01-2015-0008
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Lee Yoowoo & Kim Jayoung & Mah Sunghyuck & Karr Angela, 2024. "Entrepreneurship in Times of Crisis: A Comprehensive Review with Future Directions," Entrepreneurship Research Journal, De Gruyter, vol. 14(3), pages 905-950.
    2. Rajoana, Jakia & Saxena, Gunjan, 2022. "Role of Sundarbans bagh bidhwa entrepreneurs in tourism," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    3. Amparo Serrano‐Pascual & Carlota Carretero‐García, 2022. "Women’s entrepreneurial subjectivity under scrutiny: Expert knowledge on gender and entrepreneurship," Gender, Work and Organization, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(2), pages 666-686, March.
    4. Bacq, Sophie & Hertel, Christina & Lumpkin, G.T., 2022. "Communities at the nexus of entrepreneurship and societal impact: A cross-disciplinary literature review," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 37(5).
    5. Haddoud, Mohamed Yacine & Onjewu, Adah-Kole Emmanuel & Al-Azab, Mahmoud Ramadan & Elbaz, Ahmed Mohamed, 2022. "The psychological drivers of entrepreneurial resilience in the tourism sector," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 702-712.
    6. Figueroa-Domecq, Cristina & de Jong, Anna & Williams, Allan M., 2020. "Gender, tourism & entrepreneurship: A critical review," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    7. Zafeirios Thomakis & Irene Daskalopoulou, 2022. "Entrepreneurial Views and Rural Entrepreneurial Potential: Evidence from Greece," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(2), pages 1611-1634, June.

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