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Does development deter crime against women? Panel evidence from India

Author

Listed:
  • Suhasini Gupta
  • Pradeep Kumar Sahoo
  • Kirtti Ranjan Paltasingh

Abstract

Purpose - This paper investigates the deterrence effect of development on crime against women in India. Specifically, the authors examine the deterrence effect of the composite development index, i.e. Human Development Index (HDI), along with other variables acting as development indicators such as women’s employment, the relative strength of women in the police force, urbanization, etc., on crimes against women. Design/methodology/approach - This study adopts a fixed effect within-group (WG) panel regression model and pooled regression model on the data of 28 states over 20 years from 2000 to 2019. For checking the robustness of the results, the authors use the estimation from the system generalized method of moments. Findings - The results confirm the deterrence effect of development as measured by the HDI and female labor force participation on various crimes against women. In addition, female feticide representing the socio-cultural attitude toward women turned out to be another significant determinant of almost all types of crime against women. Further, the study also finds the deterrence effect of variables such as police expenditure, the relative strength of women in the police force, urbanization and arrest rate on various crimes against women. Originality/value - This research paper is unique because it tries to examine the deterrence hypothesis of development by taking a composite index of development, i.e. HDI and other variables at the state level in the Indian union.

Suggested Citation

  • Suhasini Gupta & Pradeep Kumar Sahoo & Kirtti Ranjan Paltasingh, 2022. "Does development deter crime against women? Panel evidence from India," Journal of Business and Socio-economic Development, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 2(1), pages 19-33, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:jbsedp:jbsed-11-2021-0146
    DOI: 10.1108/JBSED-11-2021-0146
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Crime against women; HDI; Deterrence hypothesis; Panel data; C22; C23; K14;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • K14 - Law and Economics - - Basic Areas of Law - - - Criminal Law

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