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A panel vector AutoRegression analysis of income inequality dynamics in each of the 50 states of USA

Author

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  • Olugbenga Onafowora
  • Oluwole Owoye

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the income inequality dynamics in each of the 50 states of USA over the period 1981-2011. Design/methodology/approach - The paper estimates an augmented Kuznets curve panel Vector AutoRegression in per capita income, economic freedom, educational attainment, unemployment, and population ageing along with evaluating generalized impulse responses functions (GIRF) and generalized forecast-error variance decompositions (GFEVD). Findings - All the variables are integrated of order one and are panel cointegrated. Kuznets’ hypothesized inverted U-shaped relationship between inequality and growth is not supported by the data. Unemployment and population ageing have statistically significant positive effects on inequality in the long-run; education has statistically significant negative impact; economic freedom has statistically insignificant positive effect. Long-run bidirectional causality exists among the variables. GFEVD show that excluding income inequality itself, variation in income inequality is more influenced by perturbations in per capita income, educational attainment, and unemployment. GIRF corroborate the results of the GFEVD. Originality/value - This paper fulfills an identified need to study the causal relationship between inequality and its determining factors without assuming the a priori exogeneity or endogeneity of the underlying variables.

Suggested Citation

  • Olugbenga Onafowora & Oluwole Owoye, 2017. "A panel vector AutoRegression analysis of income inequality dynamics in each of the 50 states of USA," International Journal of Social Economics, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 44(6), pages 797-815, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:ijsepp:ijse-06-2015-0154
    DOI: 10.1108/IJSE-06-2015-0154
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Francisco J. Oliver-Márquez & Almudena Guarnido-Rueda & Ignacio Amate-Fortes & Diego Martínez-Navarro, 2022. "Is Income Inequality Influenced by Financial Knowledge? A Macroeconomic and Longitudinal Analysis," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 13(4), pages 3050-3075, December.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Income distribution; Well-being; O40; D60; I00; R10;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • D60 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - General
    • I00 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - General - - - General
    • R10 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - General

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