Availability and utilisation of family-friendly work conditions for women in Malaysia: a review

Purpose - Evidence for the availability and utilisation of family-friendly work conditions (FFWCs) in Malaysia has not been comprehensively reviewed. Whether persistent inequities are due to poor employer provision of work conditions or low employee uptake remains unknown. This scoping review to assess the scope of available evidence for availability and utilisation of specific FFWCs among women in Malaysia, and synthesise reported findings. Design/methodology/approach - This scoping review used Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and twenty-two articles were reviewed. Findings - Flexible work hours, telecommuting/work from home, staggered work hours, childcare centres proximal to workplaces, and childcare subsidies were reported as most commonly available work conditions. Available leave varied across organisations and sectors in provision of payment and duration. Flexible work hours, leave, and childcare centres proximal to workplaces were the conditions most used by employees. However, the validity of observed availability and utilisation of work conditions in Malaysia is questionable, due to inconsistencies in the specificity and range of work conditions assessed and heterogeneity of samples. Practical implications - National monitoring of the accessibility and uptake of FFWCs is required to guide investment decisions about family-friendly policy initiatives to effectively advance gender equity in the Malaysian labour force. Originality/value - This scoping review provides the first comprehensive synthesis and summary of the availability and utilisation of FFWCs in Malaysia. Peer review - The peer review history for this article is available at:https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-02-2024-0103