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Revisiting the financial market interdependence during COVID-19 times: a study of green bonds, cryptocurrency, commodities and other financial markets

Author

Listed:
  • Amar Rao
  • Mansi Gupta
  • Gagan Deep Sharma
  • Mandeep Mahendru
  • Anirudh Agrawal

Abstract

Purpose - The purpose of the present study is to contribute to the existing literature by examining the nexus and the connectedness between classes S&P Green Bond Index, S&P GSCI Crude Oil Index, S&P GSCI Gold, MSCI Emerging Markets Index, MSCI World Index and Bitcoin, during the pre-and post-Covid period beginning from August 2011 to July 2021 (10 years). Design/methodology/approach - The study employs time-varying parameter vector autoregression and Quantile regression methods to understand the impact of events on traditional and upcoming asset classes. To further understand the connectedness of assets under consideration, the study used Geo-Political Risk Index (GPR) and Global Economic Policy and Uncertainty index (GPEU). Findings - Findings show that these markets are strongly linked, which will only expand in the post-pandemic future. Before the pandemic, the MSCI World and Emerging Markets indices contributed the most shocks to the remaining market variables. Green bond index shows a greater correlation and shock transmission with gold. Bitcoin can no longer be used as a good hedging instrument, validating the fact that the 21st-century technology assets. The results further opine that under extreme economic consequences with high GPR and GPEU, even gold cannot be considered a safe investment asset. Originality/value - Financial markets and the players who administer and communicate their investment logics are heavily reliant on conventional asset classes such as oil, gas, coal, nuclear and allied groupings, but these emerging asset classes are attempting to diversify.

Suggested Citation

  • Amar Rao & Mansi Gupta & Gagan Deep Sharma & Mandeep Mahendru & Anirudh Agrawal, 2022. "Revisiting the financial market interdependence during COVID-19 times: a study of green bonds, cryptocurrency, commodities and other financial markets," International Journal of Managerial Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 18(4), pages 725-755, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:eme:ijmfpp:ijmf-04-2022-0165
    DOI: 10.1108/IJMF-04-2022-0165
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Arfaoui, Nadia & Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Boubaker, Sabri & Mirza, Nawazish & Karim, Sitara, 2023. "Interdependence of clean energy and green markets with cryptocurrencies," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    2. Peng, Xuan & Mousa, Saeed & Sarfraz, Muddassar & Abdelmohsen A, Nassani & Haffar, Mohamed, 2023. "Improving mineral resource management by accurate financial management: Studying through artificial intelligence tools," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    3. Sharma, Gagan Deep & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Singh, Sanjeet & Chopra, Ritika & Cifuentes-Faura, Javier, 2023. "Investigating the nexus between green economy, sustainability, bitcoin and oil prices: Contextual evidence from the United States," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    4. Younis, Ijaz & Shah, Waheed Ullah & Yousaf, Imran, 2023. "Static and dynamic linkages between oil, gold and global equity markets in various crisis episodes: Evidence from the Wavelet TVP-VAR," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    5. Gambarelli, Luca & Marchi, Gianluca & Muzzioli, Silvia, 2023. "Hedging effectiveness of cryptocurrencies in the European stock market," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    6. Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Iqbal, Najaf & Karim, Sitara & Lucey, Brian M., 2023. "From forests to faucets to fuel: Investigating the domino effect of extreme risk in timber, water, and energy markets," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 55(PB).
    7. Shafique Ur Rehman & Touqeer Ahmad & Wu Dash Desheng & Amirhossein Karamoozian, 2024. "Analyzing selected cryptocurrencies spillover effects on global financial indices: Comparing risk measures using conventional and eGARCH-EVT-Copula approaches," Papers 2407.15766, arXiv.org.
    8. Majid Mirzaee Ghazani & Ali Akbar Momeni Malekshah & Reza Khosravi, 2024. "Analyzing time–frequency connectedness between cryptocurrencies, stock indices, and benchmark crude oils during the COVID-19 pandemic," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 10(1), pages 1-28, December.
    9. Yadav, Mikesh Prasad & Pandey, Asheesh & Taghizadeh-Hesary, Farhad & Arya, Vandana & Mishra, Nandita, 2023. "Volatility spillover of green bond with renewable energy and crypto market," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 928-939.
    10. Zhang, Qun & Zhang, Zhendong & Luo, Jiawen, 2024. "Asymmetric and high-order risk transmission across VIX and Chinese futures markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).

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