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Economía: carácter científico y paradigmas en competencia

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  • Valenzuela Feijóo, José C.

    (Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana)

Abstract

Based on the foundations that characterize fully constituted sciences, the article questions the scientific status of economics and discusses why various paradigms coexist within it, whose theoretical and methodological foundations conflict. The first part reviews the cycles of the predominant theoretical currents and analyzes the scientific rigor of the main paradigms; in particular, it examines the inconsistencies and ambiguities of the neoclassical paradigm, which, despite being currently assumed to be dominant, is far from satisfying the basic demands of scientific work. In the second part, the confluence of the different theoretical bodies is discussed, and the class, political, and ideological component of each one is contrasted. To meet the demands imposed by the advancement of economics as a scientific discipline, it must be assumed that economic theories are not politically neutral; that beyond the preaching of pseudo-neutrality that usually masks apologetic desires, it is necessary to recognize the close relationship that exists between class interests, objectivity, and scientific work.

Suggested Citation

  • Valenzuela Feijóo, José C., 2023. "Economía: carácter científico y paradigmas en competencia," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 90(359), pages 615-668, julio-sep.
    • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:90:y:2023:i:359:p:615-668
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.20430/ete.v90i359.2024
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    Keywords

    Economic theory; Keynesianism; Marxism; neoclassicism; economics as a science; economic paradigms.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • A12 - General Economics and Teaching - - General Economics - - - Relation of Economics to Other Disciplines
    • B2 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925
    • B41 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Economic Methodology - - - Economic Methodology
    • B5 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - Current Heterodox Approaches
    • P51 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Comparative Economic Systems - - - Comparative Analysis of Economic Systems

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