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El valor de dos espacios recreativos periurbanos en la Ciudad de México

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  • Martínez-Cruz, Adán L.

    (CIDE-Región Centro; Universidad Politécnica de Suiza en Zúrich)

  • Sainz-Santamaría, Jaime

    (CIDE-Región Centro)

Abstract

Background: Despite that urban ecosystems are exceptionally important in providing services with direct impact on people’s health, security, and recreation, policy makers had largely overlooked their relevance. Non-market valuation of urban ecosystems is useful to inform cost-benefit analyses —which is particularly pressing in developing world cities, where peri-urban forests are deteriorated. We estimate the recreational value of Desierto de los Leones National Park and Dinamos Park —two peri-urban recreational sites near Mexico City. Methods: We implement the Travel Cost Method which estimates the use value of a recreational site by inferring the annual demand for trips to such site. Demand estimation is carried out via latent class count models (LCCM) to control for the heterogeneity in preferences suggested by the presence of large number of visits from a subgroup of visitors. Results: Desierto de los Leones receives two types of visitors, each type assigning recreational values of 2008 USD 33 and USD 12 per trip. The weighted average recreational value of Desierto amounts to USD 223 annually per person. Dinamos Park is visited by three types of visitors. One type accounts for a third of the visitors, and is not responsive to travel costs. The second and third types assign recreational values of, respectively, USD 2 and USD 6 per trip. The weighted average recreational value of Dinamos amounts to USD 158 annually per person. Conclusions: We suggest that these estimates can be interpreted as lower bounds of the value of the recreational value of the forests under studies, due to Mexico City’s sprawl, population increase, and the improvement in the economic conditions of its inhabitants.// Antecedentes: Los encargados de políticas públicas ambientales han pasado por alto la relevancia de los ecosistemas urbanos, a pesar de que estos ecosistemas son particularmente importantes para la provisión de servicios que benefician directamente la salud, seguridad y recreación de las personas. La valoración económica de los ecosistemas urbanos es útil para informar los análisis costo-beneficio —que son urgentes en ciudades de países en desarrollo ya que son las que contienen los bosques periurbanos más deteriorados. En este documento, se estima el valor recreativo del Parque Natural Desierto de los Leones y del Parque de los Dinamos— ambos, sitios recreativos periurbanos localizados en la periferia de la Ciudad de México. Métodos: Se implementa el método del costo del viaje. Este método estima el valor de uso de un sitio recreativo al inferir la demanda anual de viajes al lugar. La demanda se ha estimado mediante un Modelo de Conteo en su versión de Clases Latentes, lo cual permite controlar por la heterogeneidad en preferencias evidenciada por la presencia de una proporción de visitantes que concurren los lugares recreativos frecuentemente. Resultados: El Desierto de los Leones recibe dos tipos de visitantes. Cada tipo de visitante asigna a cada viaje un valor recreativo de 33 dólares (del 2008) y 12 dólares (del 2008), respectivamente. El valor recreativo ponderado del Desierto de los Leones es de 223 dólares (del 2008) anuales por persona. El Parque de los Dinamos es visitado por tres tipos de visitantes. Un tipo de visitante representa un tercio de los visitantes totales, y no parece responder a cambios en costos de viaje. El segundo y tercer tipos de visitantes asignan valores recreativos de, respectivamente, 2 dólares y 6 dólares por viaje. El valor recreativo ponderado del Parque de los Dinamos es de 158 dólares (del 2008) anuales por persona. Conclusiones: Sugerimos interpretar las estimaciones reportadas como cotas mínimas del valor recreativo de los parques bajo estudio. Esto, debido a que, durante los últimos años, la Ciudad de México se ha expandido aún más, su población se ha incrementado, y las condiciones económicas de los habitantes han mejorado en promedio.

Suggested Citation

  • Martínez-Cruz, Adán L. & Sainz-Santamaría, Jaime, 2017. "El valor de dos espacios recreativos periurbanos en la Ciudad de México," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(336), pages .805-846, octubre-d.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:84:y:2017:i:336:p:805-846
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v84i336.607
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    Keywords

    bosques periurbanos; valor recreativo; Ciudad de México; Desierto de los Leones; Dinamos; método del costo del viaje; modelos de clases latentes; modelos de conteo;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q51 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Valuation of Environmental Effects
    • Q57 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Ecological Economics
    • C24 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Truncated and Censored Models; Switching Regression Models; Threshold Regression Models

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