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Sensibilidad de la evolución de la desigualdad a las técnicas de inferencia utilizadas. Una aplicación para el índice de Gini en el caso español (1993-2000)

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  • García Pérez, Carmelo

    (Universidad de Alcalá)

  • Prieto Alaiz, Mercedes

    (Universidad de Valladolid)

Abstract

The conclusions regarding the evolution of inequality in countries or regions are frequently deduced from the variations experienced by the point estimations of the usual indicators, without considering the impact of sampling errors on the statistical significance of the changes detected. In this paper, we analyze the influence of different inference methods (asymptotic and bootstrap) on the Gini coefficient in detecting the inter-annual variations of this indicator. With this aim, we first carry out a simulation experiment in order to evaluate the behaviour of different methodologies, when we know the real value of the population parameters. Secondly, we present a sensitivity study, applied to data in the Spanish case, in order to analyze the influence of the inference technique on the definition of trends in the behaviour of the Gini coefficient, using data from the European Community Household Panel for the period 1993-2000.// Las conclusiones respecto a la evolución de la desigualdad de países o regiones se deducen, frecuentemente, de las variaciones experimentadas por las estimaciones puntuales de indicadores comunes, sin considerar el efecto de los errores muestrales en la significación estadística de los cambios. En este artículo, se analiza la influencia de los diferentes métodos de inferencia (asintótica y bootstrap) del índice de Gini en la detección de variaciones interanuales de dicho indicador. Con este fin, se realiza, en primer lugar, un estudio de simulación para evaluar el comportamiento de las distintas metodologías, conocidos los valores reales de los parámetros poblacionales. En segundo lugar, se aborda un estudio de sensibilidad aplicado a los datos del caso español para analizar la influencia de la técnica de inferencia sobre la definición de tendencias en el comportamiento del índice de Gini, utilizando datos del Panel de Hogares de la Unión Europea para el período 1993-2000.

Suggested Citation

  • García Pérez, Carmelo & Prieto Alaiz, Mercedes, 2009. "Sensibilidad de la evolución de la desigualdad a las técnicas de inferencia utilizadas. Una aplicación para el índice de Gini en el caso español (1993-2000)," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(301), pages 101-118, enero-mar.
    • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:76:y:2009:i:301:p:101-118
    DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.20430/ete.v76i301.476
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    distribución personal de la renta; índice de Gini; métodos bootstrap; España;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C15 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Statistical Simulation Methods: General
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty

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