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Diferencias en el perfil de acumulación de capacidades tecnológicas en tres empresas mexicanas

Author

Listed:
  • Dutrénit, Gabriela

    (UAM-Xochimilco)

  • Vera-Cruz, Alexandre O.

    (UAM-Xochimilco)

  • Arias Navarro, Argenis

    (UAM-Xochimilco)

Abstract

Over the last few decades there has been an increasing concern for studying the processes of technological capability accumulation in industrial firms of developing countries. From the evolutionary economics perspective, several works have focused on analyzing the learning processes involved in building up in a minimum base of technological knowledge to engage in innovate activities. Based on empirical work at firm-level, this literature has sought to build an analytical framework in order to explain the process of technological capability building. In this context, some taxonomies of technological capabilities have been developed. They include different stages of accumulation from a minimum level of production capabilities (required for operating) the highest stage of advanced innovate technological capabilities. These taxanomies are a valuable analytical tool to help classify the technological activitiesand the level of capabilities reached by firms in each technical funtion. In this sense they allow to understand the depth of the accumulation processes by industrial firms. However, we argue that these taxonomies alone provide a limited understanding about the characteristics of the technological capability building process, the differences in the levels between technical functions, and the profiles of technological capabilities by industrial sectors and type of firms. The aim of this paper is to contribute to this discussion. First of all this paper describes the taxonomy of technological capabilities proposed by Bell and Pavitt (1995), which sums up the previous contributions in this direction. This taxonomy is then used to analyze the level of technological capability accumulation of three Mexican firms. Based on this empirical evidence, this paper discusses the scope of this analytical framework to examine the level of technological accumulation in developing countries firms.// En los decenios recientes ha habido una preocupación por estudiar los procesos de acumulación de capacidades tecnológicas en empresas industriales de países en desarrollo. Desde el enfoque de la economía evolutiva varios trabajos se han centrado en analizar los procesos de aprendizaje implicados en la elaboración gradual de una base mínima de conocimiento tecnológico en las empresas para ser capaces de realizar actividades de innovación. Sobre la base de trabajo empírico de la empresa, esta bibliografía busca conformar un marco analítico para explicar el proceso de elaboración de capacidades tecnológicas. En este contexto se han creado taxonomías que describen la acumulación, desde una etapa que refleja mínimos de conocimiento (necesarios para la operación) hasta la etapa de capacidades innovadoras avanzadas. Estas taxonomías constituyen un instrumento analítico importante que permite tipificar las actividades tecnológicas y las capacidades que han alcanzado las empresas en cada función técnica en un momento dado. En este sentido, permiten conocer la profundidad de los procesos de acumulación en empresas industriales. Sin embargo, consideramos que estas taxonomías por sí solas brindan limitada ayuda para entender más a fondo las características de los procesos de acumulación de capacidades tecnológicas, las diferencias de niveles por función técnica, y el perfil de capacidades tecnológicas por sector industrial y por tipo de empresa. El objetivo de este trabajo es contribuir a este análisis. Primeramente se presenta la taxonomía de capacidades tecnológicas propuesta por Bell y Pavitt (1995), la cual tiene la virtud de sintetizar los avances anteriores sobre el tema. Con base en esa taxonomía se analiza la acumulación de capacidades tecnológicas de tres empresas mexicanas. A partir de la evidencia empírica presentada, se estudia el alcance de ese marco analítico para analizar la acumulación tecnológica en las empresas de los países en desarrollo.

Suggested Citation

  • Dutrénit, Gabriela & Vera-Cruz, Alexandre O. & Arias Navarro, Argenis, 2003. "Diferencias en el perfil de acumulación de capacidades tecnológicas en tres empresas mexicanas," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 0(277), pages 109-165, enero-mar.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:70:y:2003:i:277:p:109-165
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    Cited by:

    1. Dutrénit, gabriela & Capdevielle, Mario & Corona, Juan Manuel & Puchet, Martin & Santiago, Fernando & Vera-Cruz, Alexandre, 2010. "El sistema nacional de innovación mexicano: estructuras, políticas, desempeño y desafíos [The Mexican national innovation system: structures, policies, performance and challenges]," MPRA Paper 31982, University Library of Munich, Germany.

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