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Oferta laboral familiar y desempleo en México. Los efectos de la pobreza

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  • Hernández-Licona, Gonzalo

    (Instituto Tecnológico Autónomo de México y Universidad de Oxford)

Abstract

The low open unemployment rate observed in Mexico and the relatively high labour effort experienced by certain groups of people may have the same explanation: Many Mexican households do not have enough assets to finance unemployment spells or non-market activities. In this study we show that most people from low income families, especially women, participate more in the labour market if real wages decrease. We find similar results for the total labour supply equations. We also show that the individual labour supply is sensitive to the structure and the economic behaviour of the household. Regrading unemployment, we find that the family helps its members both to avoid unemployment by directly providing them with jobs and information, and to finance their unemployment spells. Finally we find that the family non-labour income has a positive impact on the accepted wages of unemployed people.// La baja tasa de desempleo abierto observada en México y en el esfuerzo laboral relativamente alto experimentado por ciertos grupos de población pueden tener una explicación común: muchos hogares mexicanos no tiene suficientes activos para financiar los periodos de desempleo o las actividades fuera del mercado. En este trabajo se muestra que la mayoría de las personas pertenecientes a familias de bajos ingresos, en especial las mujeres, tienen mayor participación en el mercado laboral si los salarios reales disminuyen. Encontramos resultados similares para las ecuaciones de oferta de trabajo total. También se obtiene que la oferta laboral individual es sensible a la estructura y al comportamiento económico del hogar. Asimismo se observa que la familia ayuda a sus miembros a evitar el desempleo proporcionándoles trabajos e información, y financiado sus periodos de desempleo. Finalmente encontramos que el ingreso no laboral familiar tiene un efecto positivo en los salarios aceptados por los desempleados.

Suggested Citation

  • Hernández-Licona, Gonzalo, 1997. "Oferta laboral familiar y desempleo en México. Los efectos de la pobreza," El Trimestre Económico, Fondo de Cultura Económica, vol. 64(256), pages 531-568, octubre-d.
  • Handle: RePEc:elt:journl:v:64:y:1997:i:256:p:531-568
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    Cited by:

    1. Dessing, Maryke, 2002. "Labor supply, the family and poverty: the S-shaped labor supply curve," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 49(4), pages 433-458, December.
    2. Willy W. Cortez, 2005. "Dispersión y Estabilidad de las Diferencias Salariales interestatales en México, 1984-2000," Development and Comp Systems 0502014, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Suzanne Duryea & Miguel Székely, 1998. "Labor Markets in Latin America: A Supply-Side Story," Research Department Publications 4120, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    4. Cortez, Willy W., 2001. "What is Behind Increasing Wage Inequality in Mexico?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 29(11), pages 1905-1922, November.

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