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Working together? Synergies in government and NGO roles for community forestry in the Indian Himalayas

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  • Gupta, Divya
  • Koontz, Tomas M.

Abstract

Community forestry literature promotes the idea that self-governance and self-organization lead to successful forest governance. However, this assumption marginalizes the different roles that external agents can play in organizing the communities to form forest institutions, engage in different outreach and capacity building activities and serve as a source of different kinds of resources. Given the increasing visibility of government and non-governmental organizations in community-based natural resource management, we believe it is important to understand the specific roles and impacts that convergence of these actors have on community efforts in resource governance. In this study, we first investigate the roles of government and non-governmental organizations and then conduct a comparative analysis of those roles to demonstrate synergies that emerge between government and NGOs in local forest governance. We find that while the government mainly provided technical and financial support, it is the NGOs that directed the communities to those resources. Our conclusions highlight that although the government and NGOs work within certain constraints, their convergence can make up for each other’s limitations and synergistically facilitate community efforts in forest governance.

Suggested Citation

  • Gupta, Divya & Koontz, Tomas M., 2019. "Working together? Synergies in government and NGO roles for community forestry in the Indian Himalayas," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 326-340.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:wdevel:v:114:y:2019:i:c:p:326-340
    DOI: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2018.09.016
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Millner, Naomi & Peñagaricano, Irune & Fernandez, Maria & Snook, Laura K., 2020. "The politics of participation: Negotiating relationships through community forestry in the Maya Biosphere Reserve, Guatemala," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
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    7. Fischer, Harry W., 2021. "Decentralization and the governance of climate adaptation: Situating community-based planning within broader trajectories of political transformation," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    8. van der Zon, Marieke & de Jong, Wil & Arts, Bas, 2023. "Community enforcement and tenure security: A fuzzy-set qualitative Comparative analysis of twelve community forest management initiatives in the Peruvian Amazon," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
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    10. Lucungu, Prince Baraka & Dhital, Narayan & Asselin, Hugo & Kibambe, Jean-Paul & Ngabinzeke, Jean Semeki & Khasa, Damase P., 2022. "Local perception and attitude toward community forest concessions in the Democratic Republic of Congo," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
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