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Disparities in mobility among older people: Findings from a capability-based travel survey

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  • Ryan, Jean
  • Wretstrand, Anders
  • Schmidt, Steven M.

Abstract

Despite some incremental policy shifts accounting for transport equity concerns, the norms within which transport systems worldwide currently function are still implicitly exclusive. Older people constitute a group which is particularly susceptible to issues within the transport system. However, this susceptibility is not evenly distributed, partly due to the considerable heterogeneity in circumstances among this group. The aim of this study is to advance the methods informing the transport equity policy agenda by conducting an empirical investigation of disparities in capabilities based on Sen's Capability Approach. This is done by identifying which resources and characteristics among those aged 65–79 are associated with fewer opportunities relative to their peers. By focusing on capabilities (instead of proxies), the disparities reflecting equity concerns can be more clearly depicted. The research material comprises 1149 interviews with those living in Sweden's large metropolitan regions: Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö. Several analyses were developed in order to address the research questions: a multivariate multinomial logistic regression, multivariate binary logistic regressions and a basic analysis of frequencies. Clear links were identified between social resources, holding a driving license, access to public transport, income, health condition and age and capabilities. These results call for a greater focus on capabilities in travel surveys and a more fine-grained approach to equity analyses and policies by accounting for intersectionality effects. As such, more targeted and holistic policy measures can be developed.

Suggested Citation

  • Ryan, Jean & Wretstrand, Anders & Schmidt, Steven M., 2019. "Disparities in mobility among older people: Findings from a capability-based travel survey," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 177-192.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:trapol:v:79:y:2019:i:c:p:177-192
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.04.016
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. John Stanley & Janet Stanley, 2023. "Improving Appraisal Methodology for Land Use Transport Measures to Reduce Risk of Social Exclusion," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-18, August.
    2. Urbanek, Anna & Acedański, Jan & Krawczyk, Grzegorz, 2023. "Depopulation or ageing? Decomposing the aggregate effects of projected demographic changes on urban transport systems," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    3. Nur Hasna Che Had & Khadijah Alavi & Noremy Md Akhir & Irina Riyanti Muhammad Nur & Muhammad Shakir Zufayri Shuhaimi & Hui Foh Foong, 2023. "A Scoping Review of the Factor Associated with Older Adults’ Mobility Barriers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-19, February.
    4. Jean Ryan, 2020. "Examining the Process of Modal Choice for Everyday Travel Among Older People," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-19, January.
    5. Wang, Donggen & Yang, Min, 2023. "Gendered mobility and activity pattern: implications for gendered mental health," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    6. Azmoodeh, Mohammad & Haghighi, Farshidreza & Motieyan, Hamid, 2023. "The capability approach and social equity in transport: Understanding factors affecting capabilities of urban residents, using structural equation modeling," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 137-151.
    7. Ryan, Jean & Pereira, Rafael H.M. & Andersson, Magnus, 2023. "Accessibility and space-time differences in when and how different groups (choose to) travel," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    8. Ryan, Jean & Pereira, Rafael H.M., 2021. "What are we missing when we measure accessibility? Comparing calculated and self-reported accounts among older people," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    9. Deka, Devajyoti, 2022. "Trip deprivation among older adults in the context of the capability approach," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).
    10. Monyei, Chukwuka G. & Upham, Paul & Sovacool, Benjamin K., 2024. "Micro-stories and the lived experience of transport poverty: Lessons from Iceland for just mobility transitions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    11. Luz, Gregorio & da Silva Portugal, Licinio, 2021. "Understanding Transport-Related Social Exclusion Through the Lens of Capabilities Approach," OSF Preprints 4d3uy, Center for Open Science.

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