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A model of the burglar alarm hypothesis of prey alarm calls

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  • Haskell, Evan C.
  • Bell, Jonathan

Abstract

When approached by a predator many prey species will emit an “alarm call†as a form of anti-predator behavior. One hypothesis for the function of alarm calls is the “burglar alarm†hypothesis whereby upon attack, a prey renders itself dangerous to a predator by generating an alarm call that attracts a predator at higher trophic levels in the food chain; that is, attracts a predator to the prey’s own predator. This paper concerns a model incorporating a mechanism to test the burglar alarm hypothesis. We prove in one space dimension global existence, of positive bounded classical solutions, and establish existence of non-constant equilibrium solutions and assess their stability. We provide some representative numerical simulations to emphasize the nature of pattern formation for this model and demonstrate the benefit achieved by a signal inducing prey species under the burglar alarm hypothesis.

Suggested Citation

  • Haskell, Evan C. & Bell, Jonathan, 2021. "A model of the burglar alarm hypothesis of prey alarm calls," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1-13.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:thpobi:v:141:y:2021:i:c:p:1-13
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2021.05.004
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ashley J. W. Ward & Paul J. B. Hart & Jens Krause, 2004. "The effects of habitat- and diet-based cues on association preferences in three-spined sticklebacks," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 15(6), pages 925-929, November.
    2. Jonathan Bell & Evan C. Haskell, 2021. "Attraction–repulsion taxis mechanisms in a predator–prey model," Partial Differential Equations and Applications, Springer, vol. 2(3), pages 1-29, June.
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