IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/tefoso/v174y2022ics0040162521006211.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Quantitative mapping of the evolution of AI policy distribution, targets and focuses over three decades in China

Author

Listed:
  • Yang, Chao
  • Huang, Cui

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) technology policy plays a critical role to steer its applications to broadly relevant endpoints, and contributes to critical governance of innovations by governments, industry and society at large. In this paper, we adopt a bibliometrics-based research framework to characterize the development and evolution of China's AI policy. The framework integrates bibliometric methods, semantic analysis, and network analysis for identifying core policy elements and their evolution in the AI policy process. Specifically, we first collect China's central-level AI-related policies and identify four stages of its evolution based on policy-issuing frequency, policy trends, and core policy issuing time nodes. We then identify the core policies, core institutions, and core policy targets in each stage. Then we explore the policy issuing trends, policy distribution changes, and evolution of policy targets. Finally, patterns and characteristics of the policy process are identified, and trends are predicted. We used the PKULaw database to collect the policy-relevant data on AI in China, and the time frame is from 1990 to 2019. Our findings and the reported quantitative map might usefully inform AI policy in China and elsewhere around the world. It could also help broader stakeholder engagement in policy discussions on AI technology, industry and society.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Chao & Huang, Cui, 2022. "Quantitative mapping of the evolution of AI policy distribution, targets and focuses over three decades in China," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:174:y:2022:i:c:s0040162521006211
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121188
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0040162521006211
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121188?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Daniel Sarewitz, 2011. "The voice of science: let's agree to disagree," Nature, Nature, vol. 478(7367), pages 7-7, October.
    2. Cui Huang & Jun Su & Xiang Xie & Xuanting Ye & Zhang Li & Alan Porter & Jiang Li, 2015. "A bibliometric study of China’s science and technology policies: 1949–2010," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 102(2), pages 1521-1539, February.
    3. Arenal, Alberto & Armuña, Cristina & Feijoo, Claudio & Ramos, Sergio & Xu, Zimu & Moreno, Ana, 2020. "Innovation ecosystems theory revisited: The case of artificial intelligence in China," Telecommunications Policy, Elsevier, vol. 44(6).
    4. Jie Gao & Xinping Huang & Lili Zhang, 2019. "Comparative Analysis between International Research Hotspots and National-Level Policy Keywords on Artificial Intelligence in China from 2009 to 2018," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(23), pages 1-18, November.
    5. Lutz Bornmann & Robin Haunschild & Werner Marx, 2016. "Policy documents as sources for measuring societal impact: how often is climate change research mentioned in policy-related documents?," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 109(3), pages 1477-1495, December.
    6. Cui Huang & Jun Su & Xiang Xie & Jiang Li, 2014. "Basic research is overshadowed by applied research in China: a policy perspective," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 99(3), pages 689-694, June.
    7. Laver, Michael & Benoit, Kenneth & Garry, John, 2003. "Extracting Policy Positions from Political Texts Using Words as Data," American Political Science Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 97(2), pages 311-331, May.
    8. Yang, Chao & Huang, Cui & Su, Jun, 2020. "A bibliometrics-based research framework for exploring policy evolution: A case study of China's information technology policies," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    9. Daniel Sarewitz, 2015. "CRISPR: Science can't solve it," Nature, Nature, vol. 522(7557), pages 413-414, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Dong, Jinting & Liu, Bin & Chen, Yinying, 2024. "Top managers' environmental experience and corporate environmental violations: Evidence from China," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(PB).
    2. Meng, Jia-Hui & Wang, Jian, 2023. "The policy trajectory of dual-use technology integration governance in China: A sequential analysis of policy evolution," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    3. Ba, Zhichao & Ma, Yaxue & Cai, Jinyao & Li, Gang, 2023. "A citation-based research framework for exploring policy diffusion: Evidence from China's new energy policies," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cui Huang & Chao Yang & Jun Su, 2018. "Policy change analysis based on “policy target–policy instrument” patterns: a case study of China’s nuclear energy policy," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 117(2), pages 1081-1114, November.
    2. Yang, Chao & Huang, Cui & Su, Jun, 2020. "A bibliometrics-based research framework for exploring policy evolution: A case study of China's information technology policies," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    3. Huang, Cui & Yang, Chao & Su, Jun, 2021. "Identifying core policy instruments based on structural holes: A case study of China’s nuclear energy policy," Journal of Informetrics, Elsevier, vol. 15(2).
    4. Sun, Yutao & Jiang, Lin & Cao, Cong & Tseng, Fang-Mei, 2024. "From contributors to boundary spanners: Evolving roles of government agencies in China’s innovation policy network (1980–2019)," Technovation, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    5. Meng, Jia-Hui & Wang, Jian, 2023. "The policy trajectory of dual-use technology integration governance in China: A sequential analysis of policy evolution," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    6. Ba, Zhichao & Ma, Yaxue & Cai, Jinyao & Li, Gang, 2023. "A citation-based research framework for exploring policy diffusion: Evidence from China's new energy policies," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    7. Simon Hug & Tobias Schulz, 2007. "Referendums in the EU’s constitution building process," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 2(2), pages 177-218, June.
    8. Miltiadis D. Lytras & Anna Visvizi, 2021. "Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Computing: Methods, Technologies, Systems, Applications and Policy Making," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-3, March.
    9. Ralf Meinhardt & Sebastian Junge & Martin Weiss, 2018. "The organizational environment with its measures, antecedents, and consequences: a review and research agenda," Management Review Quarterly, Springer, vol. 68(2), pages 195-235, April.
    10. Torsten J. Selck, 2005. "Improving the Explanatory Power of Bargaining Models," Journal of Theoretical Politics, , vol. 17(3), pages 371-375, July.
    11. Cory Koedel & Jiaxi Li & Matthew G. Springer & Li Tan, 2018. "Teacher Performance Ratings and Professional Improvement," Working Papers 1808, Department of Economics, University of Missouri.
    12. Sarel, Roee & Demirtas, Melanie, 2021. "Delegation in a multi-tier court system: Are remands in the U.S. federal courts driven by moral hazard?," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    13. Yu, Feifei & Wang, Liting & Li, Xiaotong, 2020. "The effects of government subsidies on new energy vehicle enterprises: The moderating role of intelligent transformation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    14. Yuecheng Jian & Yanshan Gao & Xinyu Cao & Nana Peng & Chao Yang & Xiaoxiu Lun & Qiang Wang, 2024. "Research on Evolution and Recommendations of China’s PM 2.5 and O 3 Pollution Control Policies under the Carbon Peak and Carbon Neutrality Targets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-19, August.
    15. Hugo Horta, 2023. "Emerging and Near Future Challenges of Higher Education in East Asia," Asian Economic Policy Review, Japan Center for Economic Research, vol. 18(2), pages 171-191, July.
    16. Pierre-Marc Daigneault & Dominic Duval & Louis M. Imbeau, 2018. "Supervised scaling of semi-structured interview transcripts to characterize the ideology of a social policy reform," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 52(5), pages 2151-2162, September.
    17. Sun, Sunny Li & Choi, Yoona & Guo, Feng & Guo, Jinyu & Zou, Bo & Cui, Lin, 2023. "Winning intellectual property rights lawsuits in China," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 58(3).
    18. Maria Stella Righettini, 2021. "Framing Sustainability. Evidence from Participatory Forums to Taylor the Regional 2030 Agenda to Local Contexts," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-15, April.
    19. Hayo, Bernd & Henseler, Kai & Steffen Rapp, Marc & Zahner, Johannes, 2022. "Complexity of ECB communication and financial market trading," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    20. Protte, Benjamin, 2012. "Does Fleet Street shape politics? Estimating the Effect of Newspaper Coverage about Globalization on the Support for Unemployment Insurance," Working Papers 12-19, University of Mannheim, Department of Economics.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:174:y:2022:i:c:s0040162521006211. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00401625 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.