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Is capital deepening process male-biased? The case of Turkish manufacturing sector

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  • Ozay, Ozge

Abstract

This paper analyzes the effects of technological change, capital intensity and increased trade activity on the gender- and skill-differentiated employment in the Turkish manufacturing industry subsectors during the 1990–2001 period. The primary objective is to find out the changes in relative employment opportunities for women workers as industries respond to increased international competition by pursuing the high road of increasing productivity. I use the seemingly unrelated regression (SUR) method to examine the determinants of skill- and female-intensity of employment. I find evidence for capital deepening having gender biased employment effects for the period 1990–2001. Specifically, I find that for the manufacturing industry as a whole capital had a preference for skilled males over skilled females controlling for the effects of trade. When I focus on the individual sectors, I find that some sectors had skilled-male labor complementarity with capital as well.

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  • Ozay, Ozge, 2015. "Is capital deepening process male-biased? The case of Turkish manufacturing sector," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 26-37.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:streco:v:36:y:2016:i:c:p:36-37
    DOI: 10.1016/j.strueco.2015.09.002
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gender inequalitiesTrade policyCapital deepeningEmbodied technological change;

    JEL classification:

    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • O24 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Development Planning and Policy - - - Trade Policy; Factor Movement; Foreign Exchange Policy
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • F16 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Labor Market Interactions

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