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The effect of control at home on CHD events in the Whitehall II study: Gender differences in psychosocial domestic pathways to social inequalities in CHD

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  • Chandola, Tarani
  • Kuper, Hannah
  • Singh-Manoux, Archana
  • Bartley, Mel
  • Marmot, Michael

Abstract

Although there has been considerable research on psychosocial working conditions and their effect on physical and mental health, there has been little research into the effects of psychosocial domestic conditions on health. The association between psychosocial working conditions (and control at work in particular) and coronary heart disease (CHD) is not as strong for women compared to men. Other research suggests that household and domestic factors may have an important effect on women's health. Some studies have shown that low control at home affects psychological well being. However, there has been little research into its effects on physical health. Furthermore, similar to results analysing low control at work, low control at home may form part of the pathways underlying social inequalities in health. The study investigates the meaning of control at home, the effect of control at home on incident CHD events and whether this explains some of the social inequalities in CHD events in men and women. Data from phases 3-5 of the Whitehall II study, London, UK, were analysed (N=7470). The results indicate that low control at home predicts CHD among women but not among men. Furthermore, low control at home may explain part of the association between household social position and CHD among women. There is some evidence suggesting that low control at home among women results from a lack of material and psychological resources to cope with excessive household and family demands. Psychosocial domestic conditions may have a greater effect on the health of women compared with men.

Suggested Citation

  • Chandola, Tarani & Kuper, Hannah & Singh-Manoux, Archana & Bartley, Mel & Marmot, Michael, 2004. "The effect of control at home on CHD events in the Whitehall II study: Gender differences in psychosocial domestic pathways to social inequalities in CHD," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 58(8), pages 1501-1509, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:58:y:2004:i:8:p:1501-1509
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    Cited by:

    1. Li, Jian & Yang, Wenjie & Cho, Sung-il, 2006. "Gender differences in job strain, effort-reward imbalance, and health functioning among Chinese physicians," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 62(5), pages 1066-1077, March.
    2. McMunn, Anne & Bartley, Mel & Kuh, Diana, 2006. "Women's health in mid-life: Life course social roles and agency as quality," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(6), pages 1561-1572, September.
    3. Richardson, Elizabeth A. & Moon, Graham & Pearce, Jamie & Shortt, Niamh K. & Mitchell, Richard, 2017. "Multi-scalar influences on mortality change over time in 274 European cities," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 45-51.
    4. Gilbertson, Jan & Stevens, Maryjane & Stiell, Bernadette & Thorogood, Nicki, 2006. "Home is where the hearth is: Grant recipients' views of England's Home Energy Efficiency Scheme (Warm Front)," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(4), pages 946-956, August.
    5. Geyer, Siegfried & Koch-Giesselmann, Heike & Noeres, Dorothee, 2015. "Coping with breast cancer and relapse: Stability of coping and long-term outcomes in an observational study over 10 years," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 92-98.
    6. Susan P Phillips & Anne Hammarström, 2011. "Relative Health Effects of Education, Socioeconomic Status and Domestic Gender Inequity in Sweden: A Cohort Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(6), pages 1-6, June.
    7. Bryson, Lois & Warner-Smith, Penny & Brown, Peter & Fray, Leanne, 2007. "Managing the work-life roller-coaster: Private stress or public health issue?," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(6), pages 1142-1153, September.
    8. Orawan Kaewboonchoo & Grace Sembajwe & Jian Li, 2018. "Associations between Job Strain and Arterial Stiffness: A Large Survey among Enterprise Employees from Thailand," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-13, April.
    9. Sperlich, Stefanie & Geyer, Siegfried, 2015. "The mediating effect of effort-reward imbalance in household and family work on the relationship between education and women's health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 58-65.
    10. Jenifer Hamil-Luker & Angela O’rand, 2007. "Gender differences in the link between childhood socioeconomic conditions and heart attack risk in adulthood," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 44(1), pages 137-158, February.
    11. Critchley, Roger & Gilbertson, Jan & Grimsley, Michael & Green, Geoff, 2007. "Living in cold homes after heating improvements: Evidence from Warm-Front, England's Home Energy Efficiency Scheme," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 84(2), pages 147-158, February.

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