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The relationship of functional limitations to disability and the moderating effects of psychological attributes in community-dwelling older persons

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  • Kempen, Gertrudis I. J. M.
  • van Heuvelen, Marieke J. G.
  • van Sonderen, Eric
  • van den Brink, Rob H. S.
  • Kooijman, Aart C.
  • Ormel, Johan

Abstract

This paper examines the moderating effects of three psychological attributes (neuroticism, self-efficacy expectancies and mastery) on the association between functional limitations (motor and cognitive limitation, vision and hearing loss) and disability ((instrumental) activities of daily living, role function and social function) in a sample of 624 community-dwelling older persons. In contrast to our hypothesis, we did not find any evidence for interaction effects. This means that low levels of psychological resources do not exacerbate the effect of functional limitation on disability in community-dwelling older persons. We found significant unique contributions of the psychological attributes to disability. Even when all three psychological attributes were taken into account, neuroticism and mastery had unique effects on social and role function, and self-efficacy expectancies had unique effects on (instrumental) activities of daily living. We conclude that the effects of functional limitation and psychological attributes on disability can be considered as additive. Older persons with less psychological resources are particularly at risk in developing disability.

Suggested Citation

  • Kempen, Gertrudis I. J. M. & van Heuvelen, Marieke J. G. & van Sonderen, Eric & van den Brink, Rob H. S. & Kooijman, Aart C. & Ormel, Johan, 1999. "The relationship of functional limitations to disability and the moderating effects of psychological attributes in community-dwelling older persons," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 48(9), pages 1161-1172, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:48:y:1999:i:9:p:1161-1172
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    Cited by:

    1. Koster, Annemarie & Bosma, Hans & van Lenthe, Frank J. & Kempen, Gertrudis I.J.M. & Mackenbach, Johan P. & van Eijk, Jacques Th.M., 2005. "The role of psychosocial factors in explaining socio-economic differences in mobility decline in a chronically ill population: results from the GLOBE study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 61(1), pages 123-132, July.
    2. Gill Windle & Robert Woods & David Markland, 2010. "Living with Ill-Health in Older Age: The Role of a Resilient Personality," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 11(6), pages 763-777, December.
    3. Lee, Min-Ah, 2011. "Disparity in disability between native-born non-Hispanic white and foreign-born Asian older adults in the United States: Effects of educational attainment and age at immigration," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 72(8), pages 1249-1257, April.
    4. Bennion, Amy E. & Shaw, Rachel L. & Gibson, Jonathan M., 2012. "What do we know about the experience of age related macular degeneration? A systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative research," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(6), pages 976-985.
    5. Ben Lennox Kail & Dawn C. Carr, 2017. "Successful Aging in the Context of the Disablement Process: Working and Volunteering as Moderators on the Association Between Chronic Conditions and Subsequent Functional Limitations," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 72(2), pages 340-350.

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