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Forming and reforming the market for third-party purchasing of health care: A German perspective

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  • von der Schulenburg, J.-Matthias Graf

Abstract

Germany is known for its comprehensive health care coverage by sickness funds and private health insurers and its successful cost containment policy. The stabilization of health care expenditures as a percentage of GNP was enforced by five cost containment laws since 1977. The last one became effective in 1993 and the next ones are planned for 1996 and 2000. The 1993 law has initiated drastic changes of the system. Office based physicians will be paid by a mixture of capitation, fee-for-service and fees for combined service packages. The hospital financing will be transformed from the current per diem remuneration to a payment system where per diems are combined with payments based on diagnostic related groups and patient management categories. Up till now many restrictions exist for insurees to switch sickness funds. These limitations were removed by the 1993 law. To allow unbiased competition between sickness funds, a risk compensation pool, some kind of statutory reinsurance, will transfer financial resources from sickness funds with good risk structure to those with many bad risks. In many respects health policy has imposed what health economists have recommended for a long time. However, there is some doubt whether increased competition will really increase efficiency of providing medical care because it takes place in a highly regulated market.

Suggested Citation

  • von der Schulenburg, J.-Matthias Graf, 1994. "Forming and reforming the market for third-party purchasing of health care: A German perspective," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 39(10), pages 1473-1481, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:39:y:1994:i:10:p:1473-1481
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    Cited by:

    1. Dr B C Purohit, "undated". "Structural Adjustment and the Health Care Sector in India: some policy issues in financing," QEH Working Papers qehwps02, Queen Elizabeth House, University of Oxford.
    2. van Doorslaer, Eddy & Wagstaff, Adam & van der Burg, Hattem & Christiansen, Terkel & Citoni, Guido & Di Biase, Rita & Gerdtham, Ulf-G. & Gerfin, Mike & Gross, Lorna & Hakinnen, Unto, 1999. "The redistributive effect of health care finance in twelve OECD countries," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(3), pages 291-313, June.
    3. von der Schulenburg, J. -Matthias Graf, 1997. "Management of cost and utilization of pharmaceuticals in Germany," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 41(Supplemen), pages 45-53, September.
    4. Wagstaff, Adam & van Doorslaer, Eddy, 1997. "Progressivity, horizontal equity and reranking in health care finance: a decomposition analysis for the Netherlands," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 499-516, October.
    5. Buchner, Florian & Wasem, Jurgen, 2003. "Needs for further improvement: risk adjustment in the German health insurance system," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(1), pages 21-35, July.
    6. Lamers, Leida M., 1998. "Risk-adjusted capitation payments: Developing a diagnostic cost groups classification for the Dutch situation," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 15-32, July.
    7. Kamke, Kerstin, 1998. "The German health care system and health care reform," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 171-194, February.

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