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Codes of medical ethics: Traditional foundations and contemporary practice

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  • Sohl, P.
  • Bassford, H. A.

Abstract

The Hippocratic Coprus recognized the interaction of 'business' and patient-health moral considerations, and urged that the former be subordinated to the latter. During the 1800s with the growth of complexity in both scientific knowledge and the organization of health services, the medical ethical codes addressed themselves to elaborate rules of conduct to be followed by the members of the newly emerging national medical associations. After World War II the World Medical Association was established as an international forum where national medical associations could debate the ethical problems presented by modern medicine. The International Code of Medical ethics and the Declaration of Geneva were written as 20th century restatements of the medical profession's commitment to the sovereignty of the patient-care norm. Many ethical statements have been issued by the World Medical Association in the past 35 years; they show the variety and difficulties of contemporary medical practice. The newest revisions were approved by the General Assembly of the World Medical Association in Venice, Italy October 1983. Their content is examined and concern is voiced about the danger of falling into cultural relativism when questions about the methods of financing medical services are the subject of an ethical declaration which is arrived at by consensus in the W.M.A.

Suggested Citation

  • Sohl, P. & Bassford, H. A., 1986. "Codes of medical ethics: Traditional foundations and contemporary practice," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 22(11), pages 1175-1179, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:22:y:1986:i:11:p:1175-1179
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    Cited by:

    1. Kesternich, Iris & Schumacher, Heiner & Winter, Joachim, 2015. "Professional norms and physician behavior: Homo oeconomicus or homo hippocraticus?," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 1-11.
    2. Bensimon, Cécile M. & Smith, Maxwell J. & Pisartchik, Dmitri & Sahni, Sachin & Upshur, Ross E.G., 2012. "The duty to care in an influenza pandemic: A qualitative study of Canadian public perspectives," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 75(12), pages 2425-2430.
    3. Bensimon, Cécile M. & Tracy, C. Shawn & Bernstein, Mark & Shaul, Randi Zlotnik & Upshur, Ross E.G., 2007. "A qualitative study of the duty to care in communicable disease outbreaks," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 65(12), pages 2566-2575, December.

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